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Colonization of Rhodnius prolixus gut by Trypanosoma cruzi involves an extensive parasite killing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2016

ROBERTA CARVALHO FERREIRA ,
RAFAEL LUIS KESSLER ,
MARCELO GUSTAVO LORENZO ,
RAFAELA MAGALHÃES MACEDO PAIM ,
LUCIANA DE LIMA FERREIRA ,
CHRISTIAN MACAGNAN PROBST ,
JULIANA ALVES-SILVA  and
ALESSANDRA APARECIDA GUARNERI Open the ORCID record for ALESSANDRA APARECIDA GUARNERI [Opens in a new window]
ROBERTA CARVALHO FERREIRA
Affiliation:
Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
RAFAEL LUIS KESSLER
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Functional Genomic, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, 81350-010 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
MARCELO GUSTAVO LORENZO
Affiliation:
Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
RAFAELA MAGALHÃES MACEDO PAIM
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
LUCIANA DE LIMA FERREIRA
Affiliation:
Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
CHRISTIAN MACAGNAN PROBST
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Functional Genomic, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, 81350-010 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
JULIANA ALVES-SILVA
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
ALESSANDRA APARECIDA GUARNERI*
Affiliation:
Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715, CEP 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. E-mail: guarneri@cpqrr.fiocruz.br
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Summary

Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, is ingested by triatomines during their bloodmeal on an infected mammal. Aiming to investigate the development and differentiation of T. cruzi inside the intestinal tract of Rhodnius prolixus at the beginning of infection we fed insects with cultured epimastigotes and blood trypomastigotes from infected mice to determine the amount of recovered parasites after ingestion. Approximately 20% of the ingested parasites was found in the insect anterior midgut (AM) 3 h after feeding. Interestingly, a significant reduction (80%) in the numbers of trypomastigotes was observed after 24 h of infection suggesting that parasites were killed in the AM. Moreover, few parasites were found in that intestinal portion after 96 h of infection. The evaluation of the numbers of parasites in the posterior midgut (PM) at the same periods showed a reduced parasite load, indicating that parasites were not moving from the AM. Additionally, incubation of blood trypomastigotes with extracts from R. prolixus AMs revealed that components of this tissue could induce significant death of T. cruzi. Finally, we observed that differentiation from trypomastigotes to epimastigotes is not completed in the AM; instead we suggest that trypomastigotes change to intermediary forms before their migration to the PM, where differentiation to epimastigotes takes place. The present work clarifies controversial points concerning T. cruzi development in insect vector, showing that parasite suffers a drastic decrease in population size before epimastigonesis accomplishment in PM.

Keywords

Trypanosoma cruziRhodnius prolixusepimastigogenesistrypanosomeChagas disease
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 143 , Issue 4 , April 2016 , pp. 434 - 443
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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