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Genome-wide linkage mapping of QTL for physiological traits in a Chinese wheat population using the 90K SNP array

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Abstract

Many physiological traits are associated with grain yield and yield-related traits in wheat. The aim of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for physiological traits, including ground cover, normalized difference in vegetation index and canopy temperature depression, and closely linked molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding. Two hundred and forty-six F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) come from the Zhou 8425B/Chinese Spring cross were genotyped using the high-density Illumina iSelect 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay. Field trials were conducted under irrigated conditions at Zhengzhou and Zhoukou in Henan province, during the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 cropping seasons. Analysis of variance of physiological traits showed significant differences (P < 0.01) among RILs, and RILs × environment interactions. Ground cover at late spring (GC-S), normalized difference in vegetation index at late spring (NDVI-S), and ground cover pre-winter (GC-W), had moderate broad-sense heritabilities of 0.66, 0.52 and 0.40, respectively. GC-S, NDVI-S and canopy temperature depression at 10 days post anthesis (CTD-10) were positively correlated with GY. Using a high-density linkage map of 5636 polymorphic SNP markers and composite interval mapping, 24 QTL for GC, NDVI and CTD were identified on 12 chromosomes, explaining 3.4–14.6 % of the phenotypic variance. Five stable QTL were detected across three environments, viz. QGC-W.caas-7AL, QNDVI-S.caas-7AL, QGC-S.caas-3AS, QCTD-A.caas-5BS and QCTD-10.caas-5BS. In addition, 10 QTL clusters were observed on chromosomes 1AL, 2AL, 2BL, 3AS, 3B (2), 4BS, 5B, 7AS, and 7AL. The stable QTL and QTL clusters were linked to SNP markers, with genetic distances to the closest SNPs ranging from 0 to 2.0 cM; these could be used for marker-assisted selection to improve yield-related traits in wheat breeding.

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Abbreviations

Chl-10:

SPAD value of chlorophyll content at 10 days post anthesis

Chl-A:

SPAD value of chlorophyll content at anthesis

CTD:

Canopy temperature depression

CTD-10:

Canopy temperature depression at 10 days post anthesis

CTD-A:

Canopy temperature depression at anthesis

GC-S:

Ground cover at late spring

GC-W:

Ground cover pre-winter

GWAS:

Genome-wide association study

GBS:

Genotyping-by-sequencing

GY:

Grain yield

KNS:

Kernel number per spike

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

NDVI:

Normalized difference in vegetation index

NDVI-S:

Normalized difference in vegetation index at late spring

NDVI-W:

Normalized difference in vegetation index pre-winter

PH:

Plant height

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus/loci

RIL:

Recombinant inbred line

SN:

Spike number per square meter

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

SSR:

Simple sequence repeat

S.D.:

Standard deviation

TKW:

Thousand kernel weight

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. R. A. McIntosh, Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney, for review of this manuscript. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31461143021), Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (D151100004415003), and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA10A308).

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Correspondence to Zhonghu He.

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Gao, F., Liu, J., Yang, L. et al. Genome-wide linkage mapping of QTL for physiological traits in a Chinese wheat population using the 90K SNP array. Euphytica 209, 789–804 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-016-1682-6

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