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Genetic control of grain yield and grain physical characteristics in a bread wheat population grown under a range of environmental conditions

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Abstract

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Genetic analysis of the yield and physical quality of wheat revealed complex genetic control, including strong effects of photoperiod-sensitivity loci.

Abstract

Environmental conditions such as moisture deficit and high temperatures during the growing period affect the grain yield and grain characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The aim of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain yield and grain quality traits using a Drysdale/Gladius bread wheat mapping population grown under a range of environmental conditions in Australia and Mexico. In general, yield and grain quality were reduced in environments exposed to drought and/or heat stress. Despite large effects of known photoperiod-sensitivity loci (Ppd-B1 and Ppd-D1) on crop development, grain yield and grain quality traits, it was possible to detect QTL elsewhere in the genome. Some of these QTL were detected consistently across environments. A locus on chromosome 6A (TaGW2) that is known to be associated with grain development was associated with grain width, thickness and roundness. The grain hardness (Ha) locus on chromosome 5D was associated with particle size index and flour extraction and a region on chromosome 3B was associated with grain width, thickness, thousand grain weight and yield. The genetic control of grain length appeared to be largely independent of the genetic control of the other grain dimensions. As expected, effects on grain yield were detected at loci that also affected yield components. Some QTL displayed QTL-by-environment interactions, with some having effects only in environments subject to water limitation and/or heat stress.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the New South Wales Government through its BioFirst initative (D2985-8), by the Australian Research Council (PFG002008), and the Grains Research and Development Corporation (ACP0002) and by scholarships awarded to the first author by the University of Adelaide and the Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics. The authors thank Howard Eagles for providing information about the allele combinations of the parents, and Paul Eckermann for advice on linkage mapping.

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Author notes

  1. Lancelot Maphosa

    Present address: Department of Environment and Primary Industries, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia

  2. Boris Parent

    Present address: Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut National de Recherches Agronomiques (INRA), Place Viala, F-34060, Montpellier, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia

    Lancelot Maphosa, Peter Langridge, Boris Parent, Ken J. Chalmers, Anzu Okada & Diane E. Mather

  2. New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia

    Helen Taylor

  3. E.H. Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia

    Livinus C. Emebiri

  4. Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Int. Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico

    Matthew P. Reynolds

  5. Australian Grain Technologies, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia

    James Edwards

  6. Australian Grain Technologies and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia

    Haydn Kuchel

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Correspondence to Diane E. Mather.

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Communicated by Mark E. Sorrells.

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Maphosa, L., Langridge, P., Taylor, H. et al. Genetic control of grain yield and grain physical characteristics in a bread wheat population grown under a range of environmental conditions. Theor Appl Genet 127, 1607–1624 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2322-y

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