Abstract
Twenty-oneRhizobium andBradyrhizobium strains were testedin vitro against the mycelial growth of three pathogenic fungi on solid and liquid media. All tested rhizobia and bradyrhizobia significantly suppressed the growth of the three soil-borne root-infecting fungi (Fusarium solani, Macrophominia phasolina andRhizoctonia solani) either in the absence or presence of iron. This indicates that the siderophore played a minor role in the biocontrol potential ofRhizobium andBradyrhizobium against pathogenic fungi. Pot experiments revealed that the numbers of propagules causing disease after 4 weeks of planting varied with species and host plant. The three most activeRhizobium andBradyrhizobium strains (R. leguminosarum bv.phaseoli TAL 182,B. japonicum TAL 377 andBradyrhizobium sp. (lupin) WPBS 3211 D) tested under greenhouse conditions for their ability to protect one leguminous (soybean) and two non-leguminous (sunflower and okra) seedlings from root rot caused byFusarium solani, Macrophominia phaseolina andRhizoctonia solani provided significant suppression of disease severity compared with nonbacterized control in both leguminous and non-leguminous seedlings.Bradyrhizobium sp. (lupin) WPBS 3211 D provided the lowest degree of resistance against all the tested pathogens with all host plants. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A00EN058 00013
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abd-Alla M.H., Omar S.A.: Herbicides effects on nodulation, growth and nitrogen yield of bean induced by indigenousRhizobium leguminosarum.Zbl. Mikrobiol.148, 593–597 (1993).
Abdalla M.H., Manci S.F.: Interaction between a,Pythium and the herbicide (stomp).Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc.72, 213–218 (1979).
Abdel-Mallek A.Y., Hemida S.K., Omar S.A.: Fungal succession and decay of herbicide-treated wheat straw.Folia Microbiol.39, 261–266 (1994a).
Abdel-Mallek A.Y., Moharram A.M., Abdel-Kader M.I.A., Omar S.A.: Effect of soil treatment with the organophosphorus insecticide profenfos on the fungal flora and some microbial activities.Microbiol. Res.149, 167–171 (1994b).
Carruthers F.L., Shum-Thomas T., Conner A.J., Mahanty H.K.: The significance of antibiotic production byPseudomonas aureofaciens PA 147-2 for biological control ofPhytophthora megasperma root rot of asparagus.Plant & Soil170, 339–344 (1995).
Cook R.J., Baker K.F.: The nature and practice of biological control of plant pathogens.American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minneapolis 1983.
Ehteshamulhaque S., Ghaffar A.: Use of rhizobia in the control of root rot diseases of sunflower, okra, soybean and mungbean.J. Phytopathol.138, 157–163 (1993).
El-Abyad M.S., Attaby H., Abu-Aisha K.M.: Effect of the herbicide prometryn on metabolic activities of twoFusarium wilt fungi.Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc.90, 351–358 (1988).
Foster R.C.: The ultrastructure of the rhizoplane and rhizosphere.Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.24, 211–234 (1986).
Fravel D.R.: Role of antibiosis in the biocontrol of plant diseases.Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.26, 76–91 (1988).
Gutterson N.: Microbial fungicides: recent approaches to elucidating mechanisms.Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.10, 69–91 (1990).
Hoagland D.R., Arnon D.I.: The water-culture method for growing plants without soil.Circular 347, University of California Agricultural Experimental Station, Berkeley 1938.
Howel C.R., Stipanovic R.D.: Suppression ofPythium ultimum-induced damping-off of cotton seedlings byPseudomonas fluorescens and its antibiotic, pyoluteorin.Phytopathology70, 712–715 (1980).
Keel C., Wirthner P., Oberhansli T., Voisard C., Burger U., Haas D., Defago G.: Pseudomonads as antagonists of plant pathogens in the rhizosphere: role of the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol in the suppression of black root rot of tobacco.Symbiosis9, 327–341 (1990).
Keel C., Schnider U., Maurhofer M., Voisard C., Laville J., Burger U., Wirthner P., Haas D., Defago G.: Suppression of root diseases byPseudomonas fluorescens CHAO: importance of the bacterial secondary metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol.Molec. Plant—Microbe Interact.5, 4–13 (1992).
Kloepper J.W., Schroth M.N.: Development of a powder formulation of rhizobacteria for inoculation of potato seed pieces.Phytopathology71, 590–592 (1981).
Kloepper J.W., Scher F.M., Laliberte M., Tipping B.: Emergence-promoting rhizobacteria: description and implications for agriculture, pp. 155–164 inIron. Siderophores and Plant Diseases (T.R. Swinburne, Ed.). Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York 1986.
Kumar B.S.D., Dube H.C.: Seed bacterization with a fluorescentPseudomonas for enhanced plant growth, yield and disease control.Soil Biol. Biochem.24, 539–542 (1992).
Leong J.: Siderophores: their biochemistry and possible role in biocontrol of plant pathogens.Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.24, 187–209 (1986).
Loper J.E.: Molecular and biochemical bases for activities of biological control agents: the role of siderophores, pp. 735–747 in R.R. Baker, P.E. Dunn (Eds):New Directions in Biological Control. Alan R. Liss. New York 1990.
Marcedo E.C., Blanco H.G., Chiba S.: Effect of herbicides on growth ofFusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum.Biologico50, 103–113 (1984).
Reddy M.S., Patrick Z.A.: Colonization of tobacco roots by a fluorescent pseudomonad suppressive to black root rot caused byThielaviopsis basicola.Crop. Protect.11, 148–154 (1992).
Reddy M.S., Young S.E., Brown G.: Biological control of root-rot and pre-emergence damping-off of white bean with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.Phytopathology80, 992 (1990).
Reddy M.S., Hyens R.K., Lazarovits G.: Relationship betweenin vitro growth inhibition of pathogens and suppression of preemergence damping-off and postemergence root rot of white bean seedlings in the greenhouse by bacteria.Can. J. Microbiol.40, 113–119 (1994).
Schippers B., Bakker A.W., Bakker P.A.H.M.: Interactions of deleterious and benificial microorganisms and the effect of cropping practice.Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.25, 339–358 (1987).
Sivamani E., Gnanamanickam S.S.: Biological control ofFusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense in banana by inoculation withPseudomonas fluorescens..Plant & Soil107, 3–9 (1988).
Somasegaran P., Hoben H.J.: Methods in legume-Rhizobium technology. NIFTAL project and MIRCEN, University of Hawai, Paia 1985.
Voisard C., Keel C., Hass D., Defago G.: Cyanide production byPseudomonas fluorescens helps suppress black root rot of tobacco under gnotobiotic conditions.EMBO J.8, 351–358 (1989).
Weller D.M.: Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens in the rhizosphere with bacteria.Ann. Rev. Phytopathol.26, 379–407 (1988).
Weller D.M., Cook R.J.: Suppression of take-all of wheat by seed treatments with fluorescent pseudomonads.Phytopathology73, 463–469 (1983).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Omar, S.A., Abd-Alla, M.H. Biocontrol of fungal root rot diseases of crop plants by the use of rhizobia and bradyrhizobia. Folia Microbiol 43, 431–437 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02818587
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02818587