Abstract
Vitreoretinal interface diseases are common causes of vision loss or metamorphopsia in spite of recent advances in clinical ophthalmology including vitreoretinal surgery, pharmacological therapy such as anti-VEGF agents, and gene-mediated therapy. The vitreous is often used as a therapeutic place or platform for these therapies; therefore, more detailed knowledge about the environment of the vitreous is required.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Gloor BP. Development of the vitreous body and zonula. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1973;187:21–44.
Salu P, et al. Light and electron microscopic studies of the rat hyalocyte after perfusion fixation. Ophthalmic Res. 1985;17:125–30.
Uehara M, et al. Morphological studies of the hyalocytes in the chicken eye: scanning electron microscopy and inflammatory response after the intravitreous injection of carbon particles. J Anat. 1996;188:661–9.
Zhu M, et al. The human hyaloid system: cellular phenotypes and inter-relationships. Exp Eye Res. 1999;68:553–63.
Sakamoto T. Cell biology of hyalocytes. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2003;107:866–82.
Noda Y, et al. Functional properties of hyalocytes under PDGF-rich conditions. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:2107–14.
Matsumoto H, et al. Triamcinolone acetonide-assisted pars plana vitrectomy improves residual posterior vitreous hyaloid removal: ultrastructural analysis of the inner limiting membrane. Retina. 2007;27:174–9.
Ueno A, et al. Long-term clinical outcomes and therapeutic benefits of triamcinolone-assisted pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative vitreoretinopathy: a case study. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007;17:392–8.
Gandorfer A, et al. Pathology of the macular hole rim in flat-mounted internal limiting membrane specimens. Retina. 2009;29:1097–105.
Hannover A. Muller’s Arch. 1840, cited in: Hamburg A: Some investigations on the cells on the vitreous body. Ophthalmologica. 1959;138:81–107.
Balazs EA. Molecular morphology of the vitreous body. In: Smelser GK, editor. Structure of the eye. New York: Academic; 1961. p. 293–310.
Qiao H, et al. The characterization of hyalocytes: the origin, phenotype, and turnover. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89:513–7.
Hogan MJ, et al. Histology of the human eye. Philadelphia: WB Sanders; 1971.
Lazarus HS, Hageman GS. In situ characterization of the human hyalocyte. Arch Ophthalmol. 1994;112:1356–62.
Sakamoto T, Ishibashi T. Hyalocytes: essential cells of the vitreous cavity in vitreoretinal pathophysiology? Retina. 2011;31:222–8.
van Meurs JC, et al. Clearance rate of macrophages from the vitreous in rabbits. Curr Eye Res. 1990;9:683–6.
Gloor BP. Mitotic activity in the cortical vitreous cells (hyalocytes) after photocoagulation. Invest Ophthalmol. 1969;8:633–46.
Haddad A, Andre JC. Hyalocyte-like cells are more numerous in the posterior chamber than they are in the vitreous of the rabbit eye. Exp Eye Res. 1998;66:709–18.
Lang RA, Bishop JM. Macrophages are required for cell death and tissue remodelling in the developing mouse eye. Cell. 1993;74:453–62.
Zhu M, et al. The human hyaloid system: cell death and vascular regression. Exp Eye Res. 2000;70:767–76.
Osterlin SE, Jacobson B. The synthesis of hyaluronic acid in vitreous. I. Soluble and particulate transferases in hyalocytes. Exp Eye Res. 1968;7:497–510.
Rittig M, et al. Hyaluronan synthase immunoreactivity in the anterior segment of the primate eye. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1993;231:313–7.
Nishitsuka K, et al. Hyaluronan production regulation from porcine hyalocyte cell line by cytokines. Exp Eye Res. 2007;85:539–45.
Grabner G, et al. Macrophage-like properties of human hyalocytes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1980;19:333–40.
Stein-Streilein J. Immune regulation and the eye. Trends Immunol. 2008;29:548–54.
Streilein JW. Ocular immune privilege: therapeutic opportunities from an experiment of nature. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3:878–89.
Streilein JW, et al. Blood-borne signals that induce anterior chamber-associated immune deviation after intracameral injection of antigen. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:2245–54.
Sonoda KH, et al. The analysis of systemic tolerance elicited by antigen inoculation into the vitreous cavity: vitreous cavity-associated immune deviation. Immunology. 2005;116:390–9.
Hirayama K, et al. The involvement of the rho-kinase pathway and its regulation in cytokine-induced collagen gel contraction by hyalocytes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:3896–903.
Kita T, et al. Functional characteristics of connective tissue growth factor on vitreoretinal cells. Diabetes. 2007;56:1421–8.
Kita T, et al. Transforming growth factor-β2 and connective tissue growth factor in proliferative vitreoretinal diseases: possible involvement of hyalocytes and therapeutic potential of Rho kinase inhibitor. Diabetes. 2007;56:231–8.
Sommer F, et al. Hyalocyte proliferation and ECM accumulation modulated by bFGF and TGF-beta1. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246:1275–84.
Hata Y, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression by hyalocytes and its regulation by glucocorticoid. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008;92:1540–4.
Kita T, et al. Role of TGF-βin proliferative vitreoretinal diseases and ROCK as a therapeutic target. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:17504–9.
Wiedemann P, Kohlmann H. Perioperative analysis of vitreous cell components by immunoimpression cytology. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1996;123:463–6.
Gandorfer A, et al. Epiretinal pathology of diffuse diabetic macular edema associated with vitreomacular traction. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;139:638–52.
Kampik A, et al. Epiretinal and vitreous membranes: comparative study of 56 cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 1981;99:1445–54.
Faulborn J, et al. Diabetic vitreopathy: findings using the celloidin embedding technique. Ophthalmologica. 1998;212:369–76.
Kishi S, et al. Structure of the inner retinal surface in simple diabetic retinopathy. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1982;26:141–9.
Hisatomi T, et al. A new method for comprehensive bird’s-eye analysis of the surgically excised internal limiting membrane. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;139:1121–2.
Sebag J. Anomalous posterior vitreous detachment: a unifying concept in vitreo-retinal disease. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2004;242:690–8.
Sebag J. Vitreous anatomy, aging, and anomalous posterior vitreous detachment. In: Dartt DA, Besharse JC, Dana R, editors. Encyclopedia of the eye, vol. 4. Oxford: Elsevier; 2010. p. 307–15.
Kishi S, Shimizu K. Oval defect in detached posterior hyaloid membrane in idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1994;118:451–6.
Sebag J. Vitreoschisis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246:329–32.
Gupta P, et al. Vitreoschisis in macular diseases. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95:376–80.
Kohno RI, et al. Possible contribution of hyalocytes to idiopathic epiretinal membrane formation and its contraction. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009;93:1020–6.
Messmer EM, et al. Ultrastructure of epiretinal membranes associated with macular holes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1998;236:248–54.
Sebag J, et al. Macular holes and macular pucker: the role of vitreoschisis as imaged by optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2007;105:121–9.
Wang MY, Nguyen D, Hindoyan N, Sadun AA, Sebag J. Vitreo-papillary adhesion in macular hole and macular pucker. Retina. 2009;29:644–50.
Enaida H, et al. Possible benefits of triamcinolone-assisted pars plana vitrectomy for retinal diseases. Retina. 2003;23:764–70.
Sakamoto T, Ishibashi T. Visualizing vitreous in vitrectomy by triamcinolone. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2009;247:1153–63.
Shimada H, et al. Double staining with brilliant blue G and double peeling for epiretinal membranes. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:1370–6.
Hata Y, et al. Role of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in the functional properties of hyalocytes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95:261–5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kita, T., Sakamoto, T., Ishibashi, T. (2014). II.D. Hyalocytes: Essential Vitreous Cells in Vitreoretinal Health and Disease. In: Sebag, J. (eds) Vitreous. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1086-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1086-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1085-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1086-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)