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Time, Space, and Life History: Influences on Food Webs

  • Chapter
Food Webs

Abstract

Virtually all natural systems are open with great spatial heterogeneity at scales from millimeters to kilometers, and temporal heterogeneity, both periodic and stochastic, on scales from minutes to decades. One of the biggest challenges in ecology today is to ascertain how changes through time and space influence population and community dynamics. Many ecologists now recognize that ecological dynamics are rarely bounded by the area or time typically selected for study and that factors outside a focal system may substantially affect patterns and dynamics. Often between-habitat influences can exceed internal, within-habitat factors. For example, the dynamics of local populations may be linked closely to those of neighboring populations through such spatially mediated interactions as source-sink (e.g., Holt (1985) and Pulliam (1988)) and metapopulation dynamics (e.g., Gilpin and Hanski (1991)), supply-side ecology (e.g., Gaines and Roughgarden (1985) and Roughgarden et al. (1987)), source pool dispersal effects (e.g., Holt (1993)), and the dynamics of discrete populations coupled by dispersal (Hastings, 1993). The identification of landscape ecology as a specific discipline is a testimony to the growing appreciation of multihabitat dynamics.

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  1. Gary A. Polis
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  2. Robert D. Holt
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  3. Bruce A. Menge
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  1. Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Box 93B, Nashville, Tennesse, 37235, USA

    Gary A. Polis

  2. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Texas, 77843-2258, College Station, Texas, USA

    Kirk O. Winemiller

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Polis, G.A., Holt, R.D., Menge, B.A., Winemiller, K.O. (1996). Time, Space, and Life History: Influences on Food Webs. In: Polis, G.A., Winemiller, K.O. (eds) Food Webs. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7007-3_38

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