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Diversity and Functional Properties of Bistable Photopigments

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Evolution of Visual and Non-visual Pigments

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Vision Research ((SSVR,volume 4))

Abstract

Rhodopsin and rhodopsin-like photopigments function in visual and non-visual photoreceptor cells of various animals. Since the 1950s, photopigments having bistable nature have been found in invertebrate visual photoreceptor cells. The bistable photopigments are characterized by high thermal stability of the active photoproduct as well as photo-interconvertibility between inactive (dark) and active (light) forms. Recent studies have revealed that bistable photopigments are present in the non-visual photoreceptor cells of vertebrates including mammals. This observation means that an understanding of the molecular properties of bistable pigments is critical to the understanding of photoreception not only in invertebrates but also in vertebrates. In this chapter, the molecular characteristics, diversity and structure–function relationships of bistable photopigments are summarized. Recent research progress and future directions of bistable pigment study are also overviewed and discussed.

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Abbreviations

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

GPCR:

G protein-coupled receptor

ipRGC:

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell

meta-II:

Metarhodopsin II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life and Coordination—Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan

    Hisao Tsukamoto Ph.D.

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  1. Hisao Tsukamoto Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Hisao Tsukamoto Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia

    David M. Hunt

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

    Mark W. Hankins

  3. School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, West Australia, Australia

    Shaun P Collin

  4. Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

    N. Justin Marshall

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Tsukamoto, H. (2014). Diversity and Functional Properties of Bistable Photopigments. In: Hunt, D., Hankins, M., Collin, S., Marshall, N. (eds) Evolution of Visual and Non-visual Pigments. Springer Series in Vision Research, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4355-1_7

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