Open Access, Peer-reviewed, Quarterly
pISSN 0301-2875
eISSN 2005-3789
    J Korean Acad Prosthodont. 2012 Jul;50(3):184-190. Korean.
    Published online Jul 31, 2012.
    https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2012.50.3.184
    Copyright © 2012 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
    Original Article

    Absorbed and effective dose for periapical radiography using portable and wall type dental X-ray machines

    Won-Jeong Han, DDS, PhD
      • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
    • Corresponding Author: Won-Jeong Han. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, Korea. +82 041 550 1923: Email: wonjeonghan@gmail.com
    Received July 13, 2012; Revised July 18, 2012; Accepted July 19, 2012.

    Abstract

    Purpose

    The purpose of this study was to measure the absorbed dose and to calculate the effective dose for one periapical radiography using the portable and wall type dental X-ray machines.

    Materials and methods

    Thermoluminescent chips were placed at 25 sites throughout the layers of the head and neck of a tissue-equivalent human skull phantom. The man phantom was exposed with the portable and wall type dental X-ray machines. For one periapical radiography taken by portable dental X-ray machine, the exposure setting was 60 kVp, 2 mA and 0.2 seconds, while for one periapical radiography taken by wall type dental X-ray machine, exposure setting was 70 kVp, 8 mA and 0.074 seconds. Absorbed dose measurements were performed and equivalent doses to individual organs were summed using ICRP 103 to calculate effective dose.

    Results

    In the upper anterior periapical radiography using portable dental X-ray machine and in the lower posterior periapical radiography using both machines, the highest absorbed dose was recorded at the mandible body. The effective dose in upper anterior periapical radiography using portable and wall type dental X-ray machines was 4 µSv, 2 µSv, respectively. In the lower posterior periapical radiography, the effective dose for each portable and wall type dental X-ray machines was 6 µSv, 2 µSv.

    Conclusion

    It was recommended that the operator use prudently potable dental X-ray machine because that the effective dose in the periapical radiography using wall type dental X-ray machine was lower than that in the periapical radiography using portable dental X-ray machine.

    Keywords
    Radiography, Dental, Digital; Radiation Protection; Radiation Dosage; Portable Dental X-ray

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    ART - man phantom consisted of ten 2.5 cm horizontal sections which numbered from 1 to 9.

    Fig. 2
    TLD chips in the container (left) and Harshaw TLD reader system (right).

    Fig. 3
    Portable dental X-ray machine (AnyRay-P, Vatech Co., Hwasung, Korea).

    Fig. 4
    Wall-type dental X-ray machine (Kodak2200 intraoral X-ray system, Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester, USA).

    Tables

    Table 1
    Locations of TLD chips in phantom

    Table 2
    Exposure parameters for periapical and panoramic radiography

    Table 3
    Estimated percentage of tissue irradiated and TLDs used to calculated mean dose to a tissue or organ

    Table 4
    Tissue-weighting factors for calculation of effective dose - ICRP 2007 recommendation

    Table 5
    Absorbed dose to tissues/organs in head and neck from periapical radiography using the portable and wall-type dental X-ray machine (µGy)

    Table 6
    Equivalent dose to tissues/organs in head and neck from full-mouth periapical radiography using the portable and wall-type dental x-ray machine (µSv)

    Table 7
    Effective dose from radiographic examination for periapical images using portable and wall-type dental X-ray machine (µSv)

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    MeSH Terms
    Head
    Humans
    Mandible
    Neck
    Radiation Dosage
    Radiation Protection
    Radiography, Dental, Digital
    Skull
    Metrics
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