Short communicationThe presynaptic neuromuscular blocking action of taipoxin. A comparison with β-bungarotoxin and crotoxin
References (16)
- et al.
The effect of taipoxin and notexin on the function and fine structure of the murine neuromuscular junction
J. Neurosci.
(1976) - et al.
Species differences in susceptibility to elapid venoms
Toxicon
(1969) - et al.
Studies of the presynaptic effect of β-bungarotoxin on neuromuscular transmission
J. Pharmac. exp. Ther.
(1973) - et al.
Comparison of the presynaptic actions of botulinum toxin and β-bungarotoxin on neuromuscular transmission
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak.
(1974) - et al.
Crotoxin, the neurotoxin of South American rattlesnake venom, is a presynaptic toxin acting like β-bungarotoxin
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak.
(1977) - et al.
Ultrastructural changes in the motor nerve terminals caused by β-bungarotoxin
Virchow. Arch. Abt. B.
(1970) - et al.
Taipoxin, an extremely potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the Australian snake taipan (Oxyuranus s. scutellatus)
Eur. J. Biochem.
(1976) - et al.
Biological roles of the two components of crotoxin
Cited by (69)
The neuromuscular activity of Bothriopsis bilineata smaragdina (forest viper) venom and its toxin Bbil-TX (Asp49 phospholipase A<inf>2</inf>) on isolated mouse nerve-muscle preparations
2015, ToxiconCitation Excerpt :In the present work, we investigated the mechanism of action of B. b. smaragdina venom and the presynaptic action of Bbil-TX at the mouse neuromuscular junction by comparing the pharmacological profile of this toxin to that of taipoxin, a classic β-neurotoxin (Fohlman et al., 1976). The increase in neurotransmitter release induced by β-neurotoxins such as taipoxin is characterized by a transient initial reduction in quantal content followed by an increase and then progressive decrease in ACh release (Chang et al., 1977; Chang and Su, 1982; Pungerčar and Križaj, 2007; Rossetto and Montecucco, 2008; Fathi et al., 2013) that results in a classic triphasic effect on muscle contractility. B. b. smaragdina venom (3 μg/ml) exhibited a quadriphasic effect on twitch amplitude and at the highest concentration tested (10 μg/ml) the venom induced an immediate muscle contracture that was not seen in previous investigations under normal Ca2+ conditions (Rodrigues-Simioni et al., 2011).
Heteromtoxin (HmTx), a novel heterodimeric phospholipase A<inf>2</inf> from Heterometrus laoticus scorpion venom
2013, ToxiconCitation Excerpt :The sPLA2 are characterized as low molecular weight (13–15 kDa) phospholipases and share common structures and have a conserved histidine in the catalytic sites as well as a Ca2+ binding site. These enzymes show diverse pharmacological and biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, myonecrotic, blood platelet aggregation, hemolytic, neurotoxic, cardiotoxic and ion channel blocking activity and some have also been shown to induce platelet aggregation (Benishin, 1990; Bon et al., 1979; Chang et al., 1977; Conde et al., 1999; Fletcher et al., 1981; Gerrard et al., 1993; Gutierrez and Lomonte, 1995; Six and Dennis, 2000). Group I sPLA2 have been isolated from the venom of Elapidae and Hydrophidae snakes and mammalian pancreas.
Crystal structure of Bn IV in complex with myristic acid: A Lys49 myotoxic phospholipase A<inf>2</inf> from Bothrops neuwiedi venom
2011, BiochimieCitation Excerpt :PLA2 hydrolyzes the second ester bond of 1,2-diacyl-3-phosphoglycerides to liberate free fatty acids and lysophospholipids [1]. Certain biological activities attributed to PLA2s have been previously reported, including neurotoxic, myotoxic, anticoagulant, hypotensive, cardiotoxic, edema-inducing and bactericidal. [2,3,4,5,6]. Myotoxins are defined as proteins/peptides components of venom secretions that induce irreversible damage to skeletal muscle fibers (myonecrosis) upon injection into animals.
Isolation and characterisation of P-EPTX-Ap1a and P-EPTX-Ar1a: Pre-synaptic neurotoxins from the venom of the northern (Acanthophis praelongus) and Irian Jayan (Acanthophis rugosus) death adders
2010, Biochemical PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :This triphasic effect is commonly observed with many other pre-synaptic neurotoxins, taipoxin, notexin, and β-bungarotoxin [27]. The initial two phases seem to be independent of PLA2 activity [28], and are particularly evident when the safety factor of transmission is lowered by reducing the Ca2+ or increasing the Mg2+ content of the bathing medium [29]. P-EPTX-Ap1a, P-EPTX-Ar1a and their subunits were examined for PLA2 activity.