目的 探讨三七总皂苷(TSPN)对全脑缺血后成年大鼠侧脑室室管膜区(SVZ)神经再生的影响。方法 采用四血管阻断法制作全脑缺血模型。大鼠分成假手术组、模型组和TSPN组。TSPN组大鼠全脑缺血后30 min ip给予剂量为75 mg/kg的TSPN,每天1次,模型组给予等体积的生理盐水,连续14 d。分别于再灌注1、3、7、14 d处死大鼠,免疫组织化学染色观察SVZ区BrdU和微管相关蛋白Doublecortin(DCX)的表达,免疫荧光双标观察SVZ区BrdU/DCX、DCX/Ki67、GFAP/DCX的共表达情况。结果 TSPN组SVZ区7、14 d的BrdU+细胞数目均显著高于模型组对应的时间点(P<0.01、0.001);TSPN组和模型组SVZ区DCX⁺细胞的平均光密度值在7、14 d有统计学差异(P<0.01、0.001);TSPN组SVZ区14 d的BrdU/DCX细胞,均显著多于模型组(P<0.01);TSPN组SVZ区Ki67/DCX细胞在7、14 d的表达多于模型组,差异显著(P<0.01、0.001);两组SVZ区GFAP/DCX细胞与DCX的比值在3、7、14 d差异显著(P<0.05、0.001)。结论 TSPN促进全脑缺血后大鼠SVZ区神经再生,加速全脑缺血后大鼠SVZ区神经祖细胞增殖和分化,促进全脑缺血后大鼠SVZ区星形胶质细胞转化新生未成熟神经元。

Objective To explore the effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng (TSPN) on the neuroregeneration in subventricle zone (SVZ) in rats with global cerebral ischemia. Methods Using four-vessel occlusion method to build the global cerebral ischemia model. Rats were divided into Sham group, vehicle group, and TSPN group. The rats in TSPN group were ip administered with TSPN 30 min post-brain ischemia. The dose of TSPN (75 mg/kg) was suspended in 0.9% saline (10 g/L), once per day for 1, 3, 7, 14 days after reperfusion. While rats in the vehicle group were treated with equal volume of 0.9% saline, one injection per day until the rats were sacrificed at either 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after brain ischemia. The BrdU and Doublecortin (DCX) expression in SVZ was assessed by immunohistochemistry and applying the immunofluorescence double-labelling to detect the BrdU/DCX, DCX/Ki67, and GFAP/DCX in SVZ. Results In comparison with the vehicle group, the number of BrdU⁺ cells in SVZ of TSPN group was significantly higher on days 7 and 14 (P<0.01, 0.001); Statistical meaning existed in two groups on days 7 and 14 about the mean optical density of DCX⁺ cells in SVZ (P<0.01, 0.001). In comparison with the vehicle group, the number of the BrdU-labeled cells co-expressing DCX in the SVZ on day 14t of TSPN group was significantly different (P<0.01, 0.001). There was statistical meaning in comparison of the number of colocalization of DCX with Ki67 on days 7 and 14 in SVZ between the TSPN group and vehicle group (P<0.01, 0.001). The ratio of GFAP/DCX to DCX in SVZ of two groups were statistically different on days 2, 7, and 14 (P<0.05, 0.001). Conclusion TSPN could promote the neuroregeneration, drive the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells, and enhance the differentiation of gliosis into newborn immature neurons in SVZ of rats with global cerebral ischemia.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81171037/H0903);湖南省科技厅创新平台与人才计划项目(2015JC3129);湖南省博士创新科研课题(CX2014B099);湖南省教育厅课题(13C958);邵阳市科技局课题(2015JH51);益阳市科技局课题(2015JZ42)