With the frequent international business interactions and rapid technological development, aircraft play an important role in this. The development of the aviation industry is also more prosperous than in the past. Safety has become an important factor in whether people choose to board the aircraft. However, in recent years, the use of composite materials and the design of energy absorption have been widely used in aircraft. When an accident occurs, the safety and survival rate of the members in the aircraft has always been a concern of the aviation industry. Because the development of crashworthiness, the survival rate of the members will improve on board. This study, metal materials 6061-T6 and carbon fiber composite material T300 / LTM45-EL were used as the fuselage structure materials. The boundary conditions were divided into two parts: (1) impact velocity (2) impact angle; The standard descent speed of 1.3Vso, and the 30 ° impact depression angle specified by AGATE, and Abaqus / Explicit finite element software is used for dynamic crash analysis. This study, Zenith ’s STOL CH701 was used as the research model, Pro / Engineer was used to create a 3D fuselage model, and the original STOL CH701 rear fuselage truss structure and the fuselage tubular structure after reference to Flight Design C4 were used. The finite element software Abaqus was used to convert the CH701 The original rear fuselage and the modified fuselage were subjected to dynamic crash analysis of aluminum alloy and composite materials, and then the improved fuselage and the energy absorption analysis of the subsequent complete crash of the fuselage (cockpit) model combined with the previous Liu Chia-Hung model in 2015. After simulation analysis by Abaqus software, energy absorption analysis of CH701 rear fuselage truss structure and square tube structure, using 6061-T aluminum alloy material, the square tube structure increased energy absorption by 48% compared with the truss structure. Under the T300 carbon fiber composite material, the square tube structure has increased energy absorption by 37% compared with the truss structure. The use of 6061-T aluminum alloy material in the dynamic crash analysis of the CH701 fuselage was improved, and the square tube structure increased energy absorption by 65% compared with the truss structure. With the use of T300 carbon fiber composite materials, the square tube structure was compared with the truss structure increases energy absorption by 83%.