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  • 學位論文

包天笑文學創作與報刊編譯活動之意義研究

A Study of Bao Tianxiao’s meaning of Literary Creation and Newspaper Editing Activities

指導教授 : 黃麗卿
共同指導教授 : 封德屏

摘要


包天笑是清末民初新聞界、文學翻譯界的前驅,小說界的先進,歷經百年歷史滄桑的跨代作家,是當時具有代表性的文人,本文探用文獻資料進行分析、綜合與整理,探討包天笑文學創作與報刊編譯活動之意義,試圖剖析其對於近代文學發展所作出的貢獻和意義。 全文探究包天笑文學創作與報刊編譯活動之意義,包天笑文學創作發揮了文學的教育性,也向讀者倡議語言的通俗性及對人事物的關懷,兼具引進新學喚醒民眾,革新教化的批判性。本論文以包天笑的文學創作及其傳記資料為主要研究內容。 包天笑的文學創作、翻譯和報刊活動始終緊密結合在一起的,三者之間影響互動密切,在當時因廢除科舉且報業興盛,促使包天笑投入報業又進行文學創作,擁有報人、作家多重身份,角色間互相影響,包天笑注重讀者的閱讀喜好和報刊暢銷,是創作時需要考慮的因素,報刊編輯活動給他帶來的不僅是文學觀念上的影響,而且創作手法從擷取時事整體構思及情節的安排各個方面,適當結合報刊雜誌的特點,文學創作具有鮮明的新聞化。小說作品首先面對的是市場,是讀者大眾,報刊雜誌如何吸引讀者、如何暢銷是他創作時需要考慮的因素,報刊活動的影響之外,包天笑長期從事的西方小說的翻譯也影響其創作,對西方小說藝術手法的借鑒,思想觀念的啟迪,都會對其創作帶來變化,而從目前的研究來論析,對包天笑的研究須以其文學背景、報刊活動、文學創作歷程及翻譯作品全盤思考。 本文第一章說明研究動機、目的與方法,提出前行研究與論文架構安排。第二章分析包天笑的文學歷程文學創作形成背景和他的報刊生涯。第三章以包天笑的創作動機與小說的傾向、寫作技巧、主題等方面做為研究範疇論述其文學創作的特色。第四章探討報刊興盛的原因,包天笑文學創作透過報刊及時發表並重視讀者的互動,具有時效性及新聞化的特色,探討文學創作與報刊關係密切的原因。第五章探討包天笑文學創作之意義,綜合論述其作品,富含教育性、通俗性、關懷性、批判性的意義及價值。第六章提出結論,對全文論述內容進行統整,肯定包天笑文學創作對翻譯、報刊雜誌、通俗文學的貢獻。

關鍵字

包天笑 文學創作 報刊 翻譯

並列摘要


In the late Qing Dynasty, Bao tianxiao not only was a journalist, but also was a well-known novelist, in the article his novels will be discussed. Bao Tianxiao is one of the most important scholars of the Republic of China. He is a novelist who practiced in a variety of literary writings. He is also a journalist and a editor of magazines and a organizer of literacy groups. This paper studies his translations, novels, and the journals and magazines that he edited. The thesis is proposed to use a method in combination of intensive reading and historic research his newsman life and the relations between his works, and how his newsman life affected his novel creation. There was a fairly intimate relationship between modern novelists and papers and magazine.One the one hand, thay had to create and translate novels in their papers and magazines in order to maintain their normal issuing, forming a large body of paper novelists differing vastly from those traditional writers. The imperial examinations and the newspaper were exerting a subtle influence on the minds and development direction of cultural men during the early republic of China. Most of them chose news writing and literature creation, and developed a dual identity as newsman and novelist, with the two identities interplaying on each other. In this thesis, chapter one first introduced the motivation, the aim, and the research method and proposed the frame of the pre-research and thesis. As for chapter two, introduces the lifeof Bao tianxiao. The time when he worked the press is the most important. As for chapter three,He became an outstanding reporter in Shanghai.It mainly discusses the differences in the styles of his works from other contemporary writers’ , expounds the close relation between the style and his newsman life experience, and further explores his contributions to novels. As for chapter four, to make sure his writings would be published on time, and novels would appear in each issue, he made adjustments consciously or unconsciously, whether he obtained, clipped the materials, conceiving the whole, or made arrangerments for the plots or structures, hence having obviously the features of news. In chapter five, comes the conclusion, which integrates the analyses of educability, popularity, criticalness, and humanity solicitude in the story. In chapter six, Proving that Bao tianxiao’s literature made a contribution to modern Chinese literature, especially the contribution to modern Chinese popular literature, and proposed own view for the future study.

參考文獻


一、 包天笑作品集:
1、小說創作與作品彙編(依成書年代排序)
包天笑:《上海春秋》,上海:上海古籍出版社,1991年。
包天笑:《人間地獄續集》,上海:上海古籍出版社,1991年。
包天笑:《換巢鸞鳳》,北京:中央民族學院出版社,1994年。

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