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  • 學位論文

影響射出成型產品精度之重要因素與其貢獻度量化探討與產品優化之研究

Investigation on the key factors to influence on the accuracy of injection molding parts and the related optimization method

指導教授 : 黃招財

摘要


近年來許多產品逐漸往輕、薄、短、小的趨勢發展,精密模具開發與產品的尺寸控制至今仍然挑戰重重,其中翹曲變形與產品品質最為關聯,而為了更有效率克服複雜的產品設計與模具開發所遭遇之問題,並調控合適的操作參數,目前產學界利用電腦輔助工程模擬技術(CAE)之輔助,但CAE模擬分析結果與實際實驗常存在一定之差異,CAE模擬分析所得到之製程參數,往往也無法直接於實際機台上設定使用。有鑑於此,本研究同時運用CAE模擬分析及實際實驗進行研究,探討CAE模擬與實驗結果之差異,並進一步探索造成差距之原因,其中針對第一部份主要利用Moldex3D軟體整合產品設計、模具設計、材料及操作條件,並可以將複雜的射出過程進行解剖,進而了解何種原因會對產品品質有深刻的影響,經研究可得同樣在射出速度50%情況下,實驗與模擬的收縮量值比較,發現兩者平均差值0.34 mm,而造成差異的來源為實射於填充時響應時間延遲約29%、保壓壓力不足約23%。當圓平板模型經過機台校正之後,可以有效改善收縮量值差距,可修正為0.12mm,而改善率達64.7%。接著以不同材料與不同幾何模型驗證此流程,結果顯示此分析流程仍然有效。在第二部分是先應用CAE技術整合實驗設計優化法探索各重要影響因子之貢獻度,特別是我們將深入探討並比較在有無考慮機台特性驗證下,兩種實驗設計優化技術(反應曲面法和田口方法)之實際優化優化情況。經一系列的模擬分析與實驗後,在未考慮機台校正前,利用田口法(DOE)優化後,在CAE-DOE模擬部分可由0.22 mm縮減為0.05 mm,於實際機台射出後由0.34 mm縮減為0.17 mm,當考慮機台校正後的影響,CAE-DOE模擬量值為0.02 mm,而實際實驗縮減至0.07 mm。再則,在未考慮機台校正前,利用反應曲面法(RSM)優化,在CAE-RSM模擬部分可由0.22 mm縮減為0.00 mm,於實際機台射出後由0.34 mm縮減為0.11 mm,當考慮機台校正後的影響,CAE-RSM模擬量值仍為0.00 mm,而實際實驗縮減至0.04 mm,因此可以確認利用田口法(DOE)及反應曲面法(RSM)可有效優化原始設計之成型參數,並且在考慮機台校正後,優化效果更顯著。

並列摘要


In recent years, the products have gradually developed towards portable products. The precision and the dimensional control of products are very important. Speciically, the warpage is one of the key factors to retain the quality of products. In order to overcome the problems encountered in complex product design and mold development more effectively, and to adjust the appropriate operating parameters, people apply computer-aided engineering technology (CAE) to assist product design and development. However, the results of CAE simulation are not consistent with that of real experiments. In this study we have utilized CAE simulation and experimental sudies to explore the differences bis etween simulation and experimental results, and to find out what the causes of the difference are. In Part I, we have applied Moldex3D software and real experiment on injection molding simulation based on the circle plate system with same process condition setting. Results show that the difference between simulation and experiment is 0.34 mm. To further find out what is the cause to make this difference, we have focused on the history curve o the injection pressure. Results show that the real injection time is delay about 29%, and the packing pressure is lower than about 23 %. To overcome this problem, we have setup one procedure to calibrate the real machine response based on the history curve o the injection pressure. Afer calibrated the machine response, the difference between simulation and experiment is reduced to 0.12 mm, and the correction rate is 64.7%. This calibration procedure has been verified using different material (from ABS to PP) and different geometrical design. All results show that the difference between simulation and experiment are reduced significantly. Moreover, in Part II of this study, we have focused on the integration of CAE and optimization techniques, specifically we applied Tuguchi method (called CAE-DOE) and Responxe Surface method (called CAE-RSM). In CAE-DOE study, before the machine calibration, the deviation from CAE-DOE simulation is 0.22 mm and that is 0.34 mm from real DOE experiment. However, after machine calibration, the deviation from CAE-DOE simulation is reduced to 0.05 mm and that is 0.17 mm from real DOE experiment. Obviously, the difference between CAE-DOE simulation and real DOE experiment is reduced sifgnificantly. Furthermore, In CAE-RSM study, before and after the machine calibration, the deviation of simulation can be reduced from 0.22 mm to 0.00 mm, and for the experiment it is reduced from 0.34 mm to 0.11 mm. Clearly, the machine calibration effect is quite important in optimization process in injection molding development.

參考文獻


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