This paper adopted data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist productivity index to evaluate the financial efficiency of 17 non-life insurance companies in Taiwan for the period 2008 to 2014. In addition, this paper used the Tobit regression method to examine the factors that may influence the financial efficiency of non-life insurance companies. Finally, based on the empirical results of financial efficiency and a management decision matrix, the assessment of the competitive strategy was provided for 17 non-life insurance companies of Taiwan. The results revealed that financial efficiency can be explained by Leverage, Market share, Date established and Group. Both Leverage and Data established have a negative relationship with efficiency value; Market share and Group have a positive relationship with efficiency value. We also find five non-life insurance companies have higher efficiency of financial performance than other companies in 2014, and their total productivity are better than other companies for the period 2008 to 2014.