The thesis aims to explore the Song dynastic society’s awareness towards “locust ecology” and “causes leading to locust disasters” by focusing on Song people’s observation and awareness of the locusts, and to further explore a host of problems derived as impacted by locust disasters, i.e. imperial officials’ negligence, concealment of disaster scenarios, graft and such by analyzing the correlation between the adaptation of locust controlling measures adopted at the time and the accumulation of relevant knowledge. The thesis first begins to describe the state of locust disaster distribution in Song dynasty before moving to explore the impact that locust disasters have to the society at the time, which would provide a premise for subsequent study. The thesis then moves to describe Song people’s observation of the locust’s life span before summing up the general assumptions on the origin of locusts in the society at the time, with which to discern the state Song people’s awareness of the biology of locusts. The thesis then moves to analyze the historical significance of remedial measures that Song people have adopted by explaining the causes leading to locust disasters and means for locust controlling. The thesis at least profiles a host of phenomena created in Song society amid the impact of locust disasters, i.e. stepped-up locust controlling laws, hardship of locust capturing by officials and commoners, and the religious mode of terminating locusts through deity worship and so forth in order to gain further understanding of the facets of Song society. In an overview through a four-part discussion, it is understood that locust disasters that brought Song society with problems of famine, uprising and such have compelled the imperial court to draft stringent locust capturing laws in order to contain the harm of locusts. Nevertheless, despite the move has more than easing the damage caused by locust disasters, helping the people understand the biology of locusts, and excelling also locust-controlling techniques, yet the frequent locust-capturing activities do exhaust the officials from running around and weigh down the people with extra burden, creating also many implementing frauds. The emergence of such problems highlights the complexity in studying the history of locusts, which calls for cross-domain research, for it is more than a study of disaster history, but a subject that encompasses also the domains of history of science, sociology, economics or event environmental study.