Open Access, Peer-reviewed
eISSN 2951-3146
    Korean J Community Nutr. 2012 Dec;17(6):689-706. Korean.
    Published online Dec 31, 2012.
    https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.689
    Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
    Original Article

    Development and Effects' Analysis of Nutrition Education Pamphlet for the Higherr Grades Elementary Students -Focused on Individual Daily Needed Food Exchange Units-

    Eun-Su Lim, Young-Sook Cho,1 Se-Na Kim,1 and Sook-Bae Kim2
      • Graduate School of Education, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
      • 1Department of Agrofood Resources, NAAS, RDA, Suwon, Korea.
      • 2Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
    • Corresponding author: Sook-Bae Kim, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Duk-Jin Dong 1-Ga, Duk-Jin Gu, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. Tel: (063) 270-3823, Fax: (063) 270-3854, Email: sbkim@jbnu.ac.kr
    Received November 20, 2012; Revised December 14, 2012; Accepted December 14, 2012.

    This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of a nutrition education focused on Food Exchange System for the higher grades elementary children. Nutrition education lessons (40 min/lesson, 4 times), '5 major nutrients and functions', '6 food groups', 'daily needed energy and food exchange units', 'good choice of snacks and balanced exercise' were provided to elementary students (5th grade students). This research was based on the data from two groups of elementary school children in the 'education' group (n = 31) and 'non-education' group (n = 31). We assessed the changes in dietary attitude, food habit and nutrition knowledge using questionnaire and nutrient intake using 24hr recall method by nutrition education using the developed pamphlet. After education, there was a significant difference in the dietary attitude score only in attitude of 'balanced meal' (p < 0.001) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In food habit, there were significant positive changes in the type of breakfast and in the priority of choosing snack in the educated group. In nutrition knowledge, there were significant increases in scores of 'function of carbohydrate' (p < 0.05), 'function of fat' (p < 0.01), 'function of vitamin' (p < 0.01), 'foods of carbohydrate' (p < 0.01), and 'foods of vitamin' (p < 0.01) in the educated group. After education,carbohydrate: protein: fat (CPF) ratio was significantly different between the two groups (education group, 59 : 16 : 26 vs. non-education group, 63 : 15 : 23). In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), there were significant positive effects in energy (p < 0.05), thiamin (p < 0.05), riboflavin (p < 0.05), vitamin C (p < 0.05), phosphorus (p < 0.01), Fe (p < 0.01) and zinc (p < 0.01) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In conclusion, the developed 4 times' nutritional education pamphlet focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using food exchange system for higher grades' elementary student may positively change nutrition knowledge and dietary intakes.

    Keywords
    Food Exchange System; nutrition education; higher grades elementary school students; pamphlet

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    The developed nutrition education pamphlet.

    Tables

    Table 1
    The contents and tools of nutrition education

    Table 2
    General characteristics of the subjects

    Table 3
    Height, weight, obesity index of subjects

    Table 4
    Dietary attitudes of the subjects

    Table 5
    Food attitudes of the subjects

    Table 6
    Nutrition knowledge of the subjects

    Table 7
    Nutrient intakes of subjects

    Table 8
    Carbohydrate : Protein : Fat(CPF) ratio of subjects

    Table 9
    Macronutrient intakes of subjects

    Table 10
    Vitamin intakes of subjects

    Table 11
    Mineral intakes of subjects

    Table 12
    Satisfaction with nutrition education pamphlet of subjects

    Notes

    *This study was carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (PJ006488)", Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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    MeSH Terms
    Ascorbic Acid
    Breakfast
    Child
    Food Habits
    Humans
    Pamphlets
    Phosphorus
    Riboflavin
    Snacks
    Surveys and Questionnaires
    Zinc
    Metrics
    Share
    Figures
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    Tables
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