This research identifies the characteristics of urban residents cultivating agricultural products in Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, one of the provincial core cities, Japan. The main findings are as follows. (1)The ratio of all the urban residents in the area who cultivated agricultural products in 2012 is 4.5%-33.6%. The ratio of this was different from the place in which they cultivated agricultural products. (2)The ratio of all the urban residents who cultivated agricultural products in some form or another in 2012 is about a little more than 30.0%. Most of the urban residents who cultivated agricultural products were elderly people and lived in urban fringe areas. (3)Most of the urban residents who cultivated agricultural products had experiences of gathering crops or fruits in farms, refusing volume reduction and participating in local community activities. Based on these findings, we propose a list of considerations for reviewing the significance for formation of residential environment and the promotion of cultivating agricultural products by urban residents in provincial core city.