Open Access, Peer-reviewed
eISSN 2234-7666
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2006 Sep;31(5):378-389. Korean.
    Published online Sep 30, 2006.
    https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.5.378
    Copyright © 2006 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry
    Original Article

    The effect of smear layer treatment on the microleakage

    Jung-Min Lee, Sang-Hyuk Park and Gi-Woon Choi
      • Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Graduate school of Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
    • Corresponding Author: Gi-Woon Choi. Dept. of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Graduate school of Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi Dong, Dongdaemoon Gu, Seoul, 130-702, Korea. Tel: 82-2-958-9336, Email: gwchoi@khu.ac.kr
    Received April 04, 2006; Revised September 04, 2006; Accepted September 07, 2006.

    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of root canal obturation with or without the treatment of smear layer. Eighty extracted human teeth with one canal were selected. Instrumentation was performed with crown-down technique. After instrumentation, root canals of the NaOCl group and NaOCl-6 group were irrigated with 3% NaOCl. EDTA group and EDTA-6 group were irrigated with 17% EDTA. Then all teeth were obturated using continuous wave obturation technique.

    NaOCl group and EDTA group were immersed in methylene blue solution for 84hours. NaOCl-6 group and EDTA-6 group were immersed in methylene blue solution for 6months. The teeth were sectioned at 1.5 mm (Level 1), 3.0 mm (Level 2) and 4.5 mm (Level 3) from the root apex. The length of dye-penetrated interface and the circumferential length of canal at each level were measured using Sigma-Scan Pro 5.0.

    1. The mean leakage ratio was decreased cervically.

    2. NaOCl group showed higher mean leakage ratio than EDTA group at each level. But there was significant difference at level 1 only (p < 0.05).

    3. NaOCl-6 group showed higher mean leakage ratio than EDTA-6 group at each level. But there was significant difference at level 1 only (p < 0.05).

    4. NaOCl-6 group showed higher mean leakage ratio than NaOCl group at each level. But there was significant difference at level 1 only (p < 0.05).

    5. EDTA-6 group showed higher mean leakage ratio than EDTA group at each level. But there was no significant difference.

    6. In NaOCl group and NaOCl-6 group, scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections generally covered with smear layer. In EDTA group and EDTA-6 group, tooth sections showing the penetration of sealers to opened dentinal tubules.

    The results suggest that removal of smear layer was effective to reduce the apical microleakage of the root canal.

    Keywords
    NaOCl; EDTA; Smear layer; Mean leakage; Dentinal tubule

    Figures

    Figure 1
    Mean leakage ratio in NaOCl group and EDTA group.

    Figure 2
    Mean leakage ratio in NaOCl-6 group and EDTA-6 group.

    Figure 3
    Mean leakage ratio in NaOCl group and NaOCl-6 group.

    Figure 4
    Mean leakage ratio in EDTA group and EDTA-6 group.

    Figure 5
    Photograph of the NaOCl group Level 1 (× 120).

    Figure 6
    Photograph of the NaOCl group Level 2 (× 120).

    Figure 7
    Photograph of the NaOCl group Level 3 (× 120).

    Figure 8
    Photograph of the EDTA group Level 1 (× 120).

    Figure 9
    Photograph of the EDTA group Level 2 (× 120).

    Figure 10
    Photograph of the EDTA group Level 3 (× 120).

    Figure 11
    Photograph of the NaOCl-6 group Level 1 (× 120).

    Figure 12
    Photograph of the NaOCl-6 group Level 2 (× 120).

    Figure 13
    Photograph of the NaOCl-6 group Level 3 (× 120).

    Figure 14
    Photograph of the EDTA-6 group Level 1 (× 120).

    Figure 15
    Photograph of the EDTA-6 group Level 2 (× 120).

    Figure 16
    Photograph of the EDTA-6 group Level 3 (× 120).

    Figure 17
    Photograph of the NaOCl group Level 1 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the gaps between gutta-percha and the surface of root canals. Surface generally covered with smear layer. Gaps were occuring between the smear layer and the gutta-percha.

    Figure 18
    Photograph of the NaOCl group Level 2 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the gap-free region between gutta-percha and the surface of root canals. Surface generally covered with smear layer.

    Figure 19
    Photograph of the EDTA group Level 1 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the penetration of sealers to opened dentinal tubules. Gap-free region was showing between the sealer and the dentinal tubules. Numerous sealer tags could be seen within the intertubular dentin. But, voids were occuring between the sealer and the gutta-percha.

    Figure 20
    Photograph of the EDTA group Level 2 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the penetration of sealers to opened dentinal tubules. Gap-free region was showing between the sealer and the dentinal tubules. Numerous sealer tags could be seen within the intertubular dentin.

    Figure 21
    Photograph of the NaOCl-6 group Level 1 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the gap-free region between gutta-percha and the surface of root canals. Surface generally covered with smear layer.

    Figure 22
    Photograph of the NaOCl-6 group Level 2 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the gap-free region between gutta-percha and the surface of root canals. Surface generally covered with smear layer.

    Figure 23
    Photograph of the EDTA-6 group Level 1 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the penetration of sealers to opened dentinal tubules. A few sealer tags could be seen within the intertubular dentin.

    Figure 24
    Photograph of the EDTA-6 group Level 2 (× 1000); Scanning electron micrographs of tooth sections showing the penetration of sealers to opened dentinal tubules. A few sealer tags could be seen within the intertubular dentin.

    Tables

    Table 1
    Irrigation solution to treat the smear layer in this study

    Table 2
    Materials and instruments used in this study

    Table 3
    Classification of experimental groups

    Table 4
    Mean leakage ratio at each level (Mean ± SD)

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    MeSH Terms
    Dental Pulp Cavity
    Dentin
    Edetic Acid
    Humans
    Methylene Blue
    Root Canal Obturation
    Smear Layer*
    Tooth
    Metrics
    Share
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