Rwanda Energy System towards generation mix of 60% Renewable share in 2030 through horizon to 2050

Rwanda is a landlocked country in east Africa. By vision 2050, Rwanda intends to become a middle income country with service based economy. Under this vision, the country intends to increase GDP from 868.43 US$ per Cap to 12,476 US$ per Cap. The energy renewable share intends to reach 60% and remain at this level in following years. This study was made using OSeMOSYS tool learned under International Energy Agency capacity building program, specifically in “ICTP JOINT SUMMER SCHOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | 2023”. The study reflect to Rwanda energy system. The 3 scenarios were analysed BAU scenario, focus on the existing opportunities in technology and budget, Domestic focuses on energy security and promotion of domestic resources utulization (Hydro, solar and methan gas) and Renewable scenario, focus on imports, hydro utlization, solar and biomass. According to the SE4All Action Agenda and Rwanda Vision 2050, 60% of the generation mix should be from renewable sources by 2030 and beyond. The study results show less change in 2 base scenarios and clear change with adoption of renewable constraints. Here the best for costs management is renewable scenario, however it create more emissions compared to other scenarios due to the promotion of biomass energy. This study was made for learning purposes and with reflection to the real situation of the country. More scenarios will be created after these and data calibration will be improved in the near future.