Tyrannoseira bicolorcornuta

Tyrannoseira bicolorcornuta (Bellini, Pais & Zeppelini, 2009)

Figs 1 B–D, 2–6, 14–18, 34

Seira bicolorcornuta Bellini, Pais & Zeppelini, 2009: 40, figs. 1–4 (orig. descr.).

Type locality. Brazil, Pernambuco State, Alto do Moura.

Other references: Barra 2010: 586, 592 (species compared); Abrantes et al. 2010: 9 (cat.).

Tyrannoseira bicolorcornuta; Bellini & Zeppelini 2011: 547, fig. 2b (comb.).

Bellini & Godeiro 2012: 84 (species compared); Abrantes et al. 2012: 12 (cat.); Zeppelini & Lima 2012: 42–43 (species compared).

Type material examined. Holotype male and paratypes 7 females (MNRJ/3169), before fire in September 2018.

Typological note. The type material of T. bicolorcornuta, deposited at MNRJ, was destroyed by fire in September 2018, except for one female paratype (MNRJ/3169). This paratype is here designated as the neotype of the species, following ICZN (2000) (see the code chapter 16, article 72.4.5.).

Other material examined. 1 male, 1 female and 1 juvenile on slides (CC / UFRN): Brazil, Paraíba state, Cacimba de Dentro municipality, “Cachoeira da Capivara” farm, 06°40’S, 35°45’W, 314 m, 15.iv–17.v.2008, entomological aspirator, BC Bellini coll. 3 females on slides, 5 specimens coated and 15 specimens in alcohol (CC / UFRN): Sapé municipality, urban region, 07°06’18”S, 35°14’03”W, 105 m, 17.iii.2014, entomological aspirator, DD Silva coll. 1 male and 1 female on slides and 1 specimen in alcohol (INPA): Bananeiras, State Ecological Reserve of “Goiamunduba”, 06°44’12”S, 35°36’35”W, 474 m, 19.iii.2014, entomological aspirator, DD Silva coll. 3 males and 5 females on slides and 37 specimens in alcohol (CC / UFRN): Rio Grande do Norte, Apodi municipality, Lajedo de Soledade, 05°35′20″S, 37°49′53″W, 123 m, 22.iv.2014, entomological aspirator, NN Godeiro & DD Silva coll. 2 males and 10 females on slides and 22 specimens in alcohol (CC / UFRN): Tibau do Sul municipality, “Pipa” Beach, 06°13'36.7"S, 35°04'29.9"W, 39 m, 21.vi.2015, entomological aspirator, NN Godeiro coll. 3 males and 4 females on slides and 31 specimens in alcohol (CC / UFRN): Ceará, Quixadá municipality, 04°57'35.1"S, 39°00'25.8"W, 180 m, 18–20.iv.2014, entomological aspirator, NN Godeiro & DD Silva coll.

Diagnosis. Body dark blue with pigment on distal two-thirds of Ant II–IV (Figs 1 B–D); Ant III with 1 subapical sens type– f (Fig. 14A); head chaetotaxy with An 3i mic, An 3i 2 and A4 absent and with 2 posterior mac (Pe3 and 1 uncertain) (Fig. 14B); clypeus with l2 acuminate, f2 smaller (Fig. 14C); outer labral papilla reduced (Fig. 14D); postlabial formula with 1 chaetae below ‘J’ row (Fig. 14E); Th II with 4 anterior mac (a5, a5p, a 5i, a 5i 2), m 1i and p 1i 2 mac present or absent, p1ip mac present, p2ea2 mac absent (Fig. 15A); Th III with 2 lateral mac (m6–6p) (Fig. 15B); Abd IV with 5 antero-central mac (A3, B2–3, C1, T1) and 4 mac (Fe3–6) in Fe series (Fig. 16A); trochanteral organ with about 19 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 17D); leg I of males with 9–19 thin femoral spines and 5 finely ciliate tibiotarsal spines (Fig. 17E); collophore anteriorly with 4 apically acuminate mac and 2 distal ma; posteriorly with 3 spines and 1 distal smooth chaeta (Fig. 18A); manubrial ventral formula with 1, 0, 0, 2/ 2 and 12 ciliate chaetae, manubrial plate with 3 psp (Figs 18 B–C).

Redescription. Total length (head + body) of the holotype 1.49 mm. Specimens dark blue, pale from Ant I to proximal half of Ant II, proximal one-third of Ant III–IV, trochanter to tibiotarsus, distal collophore and distal twothirds of dens; eyepatches black (Fig 1B). Specimens sometimes with weaker pigmentation (Fig. 1C). Specimen dried to critical point to same colour pattern, but antennae and legs yellowish (Fig. 1D). Scales present on Ant I to basal half of Ant III, dorsal and ventral head, Th and Abd dorsally, legs (except claws), anterior collophore, and ventrally on manubrium and dens.

Head with antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.92: 2.09: 2.63. Ant III apical organ with 2 sens type a, 3 guard sens (type d), 1 modified rounded sens (type f), sens of different sizes (type b–d) and chaetae types g–h (Fig. 14A). Eye A largest, G and H smaller, others subequal (Fig. 14B). Head dorsal chaetotaxy with 11 ‘An’, 5 ‘A’, 5 ‘M’, 5 ‘S’, 3 ‘Ps’, 6 ‘Pa’, 2 ‘Pm’, 6 ‘Pp’, 3 ‘Pe’ chaetae plus 1 mac of uncertain homology (Fig. 14B). Clypeal formula with 4 (l1–2), 4 (f1–2), 3 (pf0–1) ciliate chaetae, l1–2 larger and apically acuminate, f2 smaller (Fig. 14C). Outer labral papillae reduced (Fig. 14D). Ventral chaetotaxy with 11 ciliate chaetae, anterior postlabial formula with 4 (G1–4), 2 (H2–3), 3 (J1–3) plus 1 chaeta below ‘J’ series, basal chaeta (b.c.) larger (Fig. 14E).

Thoracic chaetotaxy (Figs 15 A–B) with Th II series ‘a’, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with 6, 12 and 17 chaetae, respectively (m 1i, p 1i 2 and p2p as mac or mic); Th III, series ‘a’, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with 8, 6 and 7 chaetae, respectively. Th II: III ratio as 1.36: 1.

Abdominal chaetotaxy (Figs 15 C–E, 16 A–B). Abd I, series ‘a’, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with 5, 5 and 2 mic, respectively. Abd II, series ‘a’, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with 5, 7 and 3 chaetae, respectively; chaeta el present, bothriotricha a5 and m2 with 5 and 4 accessory chaetae respectively. Abd III, series ‘a’, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with 5, 7 and 6 chaetae, respectively; 4 accessory chaetae around bothriotrichum m2, and 10 between bothriotricha a5 and m5. Abd IV with 9 medial mac of series ‘A’ to ‘T’ (A3, A5, B2–6, C1, T1), and 15 lateral mac of series ‘E’ to ‘Fe’ (E2–4p, Ee10, F1–3p, Fe3–6); postero-median face with 8 sens and 4 posterior mes. Abd V, series ‘a’, ‘m’, ‘pa’, ‘p’ and ‘pp’ with 4, 6, 3, 6 and 4 chaetae, respectively. Abd III: IV ratio as 1: 4.08.

Legs with subcoxa I carrying 3 ciliate chaetae and 2 psp; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 8 chaetae, posterior row with 2 chaetae and 3 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 9 chaetae and 2 posterior psp (Figs 17 A–C). Trochanteral organ with 19 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 17D). Femur I of males with 9–19 (9 in holotype) thin spines (Fig. 17E). Tibiotarsus I with one row of 10 inner chaetae, 5 proximal finely ciliate spines (2 short and 3 larger) and 5 distal spine-like mac heavily ciliate and apically acuminate (Fig. 17E). Unguis with median tooth marginally larger than basal teeth, apical tooth smaller; ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.61. Tibiotarsus III with “smooth” chaeta, 0.85 shorter than unguiculus; tenent hairs 0.92 shorter than ungues outer face (Figs 5 D–G).

Collophore (Fig. 18A) with anterior face carrying 9 chaetae, 2 distal mac of same length, 4 longer and acuminate and 3 proximal spine-like chaetae; posterior face with 4 chaetae, 3 spines and 1 distal smooth chaeta; lateral flap with about 5 smooth and 11 ciliate chaetae.

Furcula (Figs 18 B–C) with ventral manubrium of formula 1, 0, 0, 2/ 2 (subapical) and 12 (apical) ciliate chaetae, outer subapical chaeta shorter than inner chaeta, apical inner chaeta shorter; manubrial plate (dorsally) with 4 ciliate chaetae and 3 psp.

Remarks. The modified legs of T. bicolorcornuta were originally described from a single, apparently subadult, male specimen, and for this reason the variation in number of femoral spines of leg I are described here. The specimens from Bananeiras (Paraíba) have 9 femoral spines, as well as the holotype (Fig. 17E). This number may be fewer in subadult males from Cacimba de Dentro (Paraiba) and Tibau do Sul (Rio Grande do Norte), as leg I has 4 and 7–8 femoral spines in these specimens respectively. Adults of T. bicolorcornuta from other localities have between 13–19 femoral spines, similar to T. gladiata, but this latter species can have 24 spines (Fig. 27E). Consequently, this characteristic cannot be used to separate species (Table 1)