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Chae, Lee, Kim, Kim, and Kwon: Morphological analysis of maxillary sinus septum using computed tomography
Original Article

J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011;37(1):36-42.

Published online: 10 January 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2011.37.1.36

Morphological analysis of maxillary sinus septum using computed tomography

Jong-Beom Chae1, Sang-Han Lee1, Chin-Soo Kim1, Jong-Bae Kim2, Tae-Geon Kwon1

1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

2Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea

Tae-Geon Kwon Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University 188-1 Samduck-dong 2ga, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-412, Korea TEL: +82-53-600-7551 FAX: +82-53-426-5365 E-mail: kwondk@knu.ac.kr

Received 3 October 2010       Revised 28 December 2010       Accepted 20 January 2011

Copyright © 2011 Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Introduction

The current study examined the morphological characteristics of maxillary sinus septum by computed tomography (CT).

Materials and Methods

Two hundred and four patients (408 maxillary sinuses) who visited dental clinic were evaluated. CT were examined. The height of the septum measured from the sinus floor to the apex of the septum more than 3 mm was defined as “sinus septum”.

Results

The prevalence of sinus septa was 21.3% (87/408), and 31.4% (64/204) of patients had more than 1 sinus septum. Females showed higher and thinner sinus septa than males. The anatomic location of the septa were distributed in the 2nd molar region (43.7%), 1st molar region (31.0%), 2nd premolar region (21.8%) and 1st premolar region (3.5%). In 57 patients with chronic disease, there was no significant difference between sinus disease and the presence of sinus septa. The loss of remaining teeth and teeth adjacent to the sinus septum area was not related to the presence of sinus septa. Older subjects showed a reduced height and length of the septum, and a thicker septum.

Conclusion

These results show that the maxillary sinus septum undergoes atrophy with age.

Keywords: Maxillary sinus, Image processing, Computer-assisted, Computed tomography

References

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Fig. 1.
Measured the height from sinus floor to apex of septum, length from medial wall to lateral wall of sinus, thickness at the center point of septum, and vertical height of residual alveolar bone from sinus floor to alveolar ridge where septum. A. Height of maxillary sunus septum. B. Length of maxillary sinus septum. C. Thickness of maxillary sinus septum bone. D. Vertical height of residual alveolar.
jkaoms-37-36f1.tif
Table 1.
Prevalence of septum in male and female
Septum Number of patients Total Number of sinus Total
Male Female Male Female
Presence 33 (32.00%) 31 (30.70%) 64 (31.40%) 42 (20.40%) 45∗ (22.30%) 87 (21.30%)
Absence 70 (68.00%) 70 (69.30%) 140 (68.60%) 164 (79.60%) 157 (77.70%) 321 (78.70%)
Total (%) 103 (50.50%) 101 (49.50%) 204 (100%) 206 (50.50%) 202 (49.50%) 408 (100%)

(45*: Only one sinus had two septa) P=0.546 performed by chi-square test. Each group (male and female) did not show statistically significant difference.

Table 2.
Height, length and thickness of septum and vertical height of alveolar bone
mm Male (n=42) Female (n=45*) Total (n=87) P value
Height 4.45±1.31 5.92±3.34 5.21±2.66 0.009∗∗∗
Length 7.91±2.19 8.40±2.59 8.13±2.40 0.34
Thickness 1.50±0.87 1.18±0.59 1.33±0.75 0.046∗∗
Vertical height of alveolar bone 10.18±4.23 10.45±3.14 10.32±3.69 0.737

* 45: Only one sinus had two septa, 0.046

** P<0.05, 0.009

*** P<0.01)

Height and thickness of septum in male group are significantly lower (P<0.01) and thicker (P<0.05) than female group.

Table 3.
Distribution of sinus septum-categorized by tooth position
  1st premolar 2nd premolar 1st molar 2nd molar Total
Incidence (%) 3 (3.5%) 19 (21.8%) 27 (31.0%) 38 (43.7%) 87 (100%)
Table 4.
Relationship between age of patients, number of residual teeth and presence of septum
Septum Age of patients Number of residual teeth
Presence (n=87) 46.0±16.0 4.3±1.3
Absence (n=321 ) 43.6±14.3 4.4±1.2
P value 0.217 0.664

Each group (age, residual teeth compare to presence of sinus septum) did not show statistically significant difference.

Table 5.
Presence of septum and sinus disease
Septum Sinus disease Total
Presence Absence
Presence 10 (17.5%) 77 (21.9%) 87 (21.3%)
Absence 47 (82.5%) 274 (78.1%) 321 (78.7%)
Total (%) 57 (14.0%) 351 (86.0%) 408 (100%)

P=0.601 performed by chi-square test.

Each group (absence and presence of sinus septum) did not show statistically significant difference.

Table 6.
Correlations between age of patient, height, length, thickness of septum, number of residual teeth, and vertical height of residual alveolar bone (n=87)
Correlation efficient Age Height Length Thickness Number of RT Number of LAT
Height −0.307∗∗          
Length −0.291∗∗ 0.603∗∗        
Thickness 0.283∗∗ −0.217∗ −0.218∗      
Number of RT −0.424∗∗ 0.209 0.085 −0.029    
Number of LAT 0.430∗∗ −0.192 −0.079 0.002 −0.887∗∗  
VH −0.058 −0.039 −0.191 0.044 0.374∗∗ −0.305∗∗

* P<0.05

** P<0.01, RT: residual teeth, LAT: loss of adjacent teeth, VH: vertical height of residual alveolar bone)

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