Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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New design of rice seed storage proteins

벼 종자 저장단백질 및 재설계 연구 동향

  • Kim, Young-Mi (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Yeol (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yoon, Ung-Han (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Sang-Bong (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University) ;
  • Ha, Sun-Hwa (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lim, Sun-Hyung (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김영미 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 이종렬 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 윤웅한 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 최상봉 (명지대학교 생명과학정보학부) ;
  • 하선화 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 임선형 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부)
  • Received : 2011.10.25
  • Accepted : 2011.11.07
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

Rice is one of the most important food crops since it is consumed by approximately 60% of the world's population. The most abundant component of rice grain is starch that is an important source of energy. The second abundant component is protein, which is an important protein source for people in many developing countries that rarely take animal protein. However, the rice protein lacks the essential amino acid lysine. Therefore, nutritional improvement in the essential amino acid composition of rice proteins is required. On the other side, rice grain has attracted attention as a diet and health food in developed countries, because its proteins have superior physiological and food processing properties. Thus, nutritional improvements in rice seed proteins by changing amino acid composition or introducing an useful protein or peptide have been studied. This review aims at assessing the current research status of biosynthesis, accumulation, genetic improvement of seed storage proteins by mutation or genetic engineering in rice.

벼는 세계 인구의 60%에 의해 소비되고 있는 주요 식량작물이며 그 종자의 주성분은 탄수화물로 인류의 중요한 에너지원이 된다. 미곡(米穀)은 주식으로 다량 섭취하게 되는데 특히 동물성 단백질의 섭취가 부족한 국가 또는 지역에서는 쌀 단백질이 콩 단백질과 함께 중요한 영양공급원이 되고 있어 벼의 종자단백질은 인류에 매우 중요한 영양성분이라 할 수 있다. 그런데 벼의 종자단백질은 필수아미노산인 라이신이 부족하므로 아미노산 조성 변경에 의한 영양적인 개량이 요구되기도 하는 한편 선진국에서는 혈압조절이나 면역증강 등 생리기능을 가진 건강증진용 기능성 단백질 또는 펩티드로 주목받고 있다. 따라서 벼의 종자단백질의 조성변경과 더불어 이종의 저장단백질의 도입에 의한 벼 종자단백질 개량 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 본 총설에서는 벼의 종자 저장단백질의 생합성과 축적 특징 및 저장단백질 집적의 유전적 제어 기작에 대하여 알아보고 또한 벼 종자 저장단백질 조성 변경, 이종단백질 도입에 의한 벼 종자 저장단백질 개량 연구 현황을 기술하고자 한다.

Keywords

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