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    Korean J Urol. 2006 Aug;47(8):882-887. Korean.
    Published online Aug 31, 2006.
    https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2006.47.8.882
    Copyright © 2006 The Korean Urological Association
    Original Article

    Molecular MRI Images of the Transplanted Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Liver, Kidney, Bladder and Penile Cavernosum of Rats

    Yun Seob Song,1,2 Kong Hee Lee,1 Jong Hyeon Yoon,1 Young Ho Park,1 Jung Hoon Kim,2,3 Dong Ho Choi,2,4 Jin Suck Jeon,2,5 Sook Ja Kim,2 Hee Jung Chung,2 Eun Seop Song,6 and Jong Ho Won2,5
      • 1Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
      • 2Stem Cell Therapy Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
      • 3Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
      • 4Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
      • 5Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
      • 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
    • Corresponding author (Email: jhwon@hosp.sch.ac.kr )
    Received December 07, 2005; Accepted June 09, 2006.

    Abstract

    Purpose

    Molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIO) have been developed for noninvasively monitoring stem cells. This study was performed to investigate if the presence of transplanted human mesenchymal stem cells in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum can be evaluated noninvasively with using molecular MR imaging.

    Materials and Methods

    SPIO (Feridex; AMI, Cambridge, USA) were transferred to the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using Gene-PORTER. The labeling viability, efficiency and differentiation of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were examined with Tripan blue, Von Kossa, alkaline phosphatase, toluidine blue, oil red O and Prussian blue staining. The SPIO labelled hMSCs were transplanted to the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum of rats, and the MR images were examined in vitro or in vivo using 1.5 T MR.

    Results

    The viability and efficiency of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were good. Osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic differentiation from the SPIO transferred hMSCs was observed. A decrease of the MR signal intensity of the SPIO transferred hMSCs with using GenePORTER was found in vitro. A decrease of the MR signal intensity was found at concentrations that were more than 1×105 hMSCs in vitro. The MR signal intensity at the areas of the SPIO transferred hMSCs decreased in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum. The intracellular SPIOs were confirmed in the SPIO labelled hMSCs that were transplanted in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum with Prussian blue staining.

    Conclusions

    The SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver, kidney, bladder and penis can be evaluated noninvasively by using molecular MRI.

    Keywords
    Molecular image; Magnetic resonance imaging; Stem cells

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver. (A) Liver before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the liver are diffusely distributed 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity.

    Fig. 2
    MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the kidney. (A) Kidney before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the kidney are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labeled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.

    Fig. 3
    MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the bladder. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the bladder are confined locally 1 days after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.

    Fig. 4
    MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the penis. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the penis are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. Arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide.

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    MeSH Terms
    Alkaline Phosphatase
    Animals
    Humans*
    Iron
    Kidney*
    Liver*
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
    Male
    Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
    Nanoparticles
    Penis
    Rats*
    Stem Cells
    Tolonium Chloride
    Urinary Bladder*
    Metrics
    Share
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