Open Access, Peer-reviewed
pISSN 1226-2102
eISSN 2005-8918
    J Korean Orthop Assoc. 2008 Oct;43(5):595-600. Korean.
    Published online Oct 31, 2008.
    https://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2008.43.5.595
    Copyright © 2008 The Korean Orthopaedic Association
    Original Article

    Shape and Motion of Each Lumbar Segment in Normal Korean Adults

    Dong-Soo Kim, M.D., Yong-Min Kim, M.D., Eui-Sung Choi, M.D., Hyun-Chul Shon, M.D., Kyung-Jin Park, M.D., Gee-Kang Park, M.D., Eun-Myung Lee, M.D. and Hu-Shan Cui, M.D.
      • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
    • Address reprint requests to Yong-Min Kim, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 62, Gaesin-dong, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 360-711, Korea. Tel: +82.43-269-6077, Fax: +82.43-274-8719, Email: ymkim@chungbuk.ac.kr

    Abstract

    Purpose

    By achieving informations about sagittal shape and motion of each lumbar segment in normal subjects, we tried to get the standards useful in management of spinal disorders and fractures.

    Materials and Methods

    Thirty normal adults without any disorder on their back were adopted. L3 centered thoracolumbar (T-L) X-ray's including standing lateral, AP's in righ-tleft bending, and flexion-extension lateral were checked for each person. Cobb angles of each segment were measured. Statistical analysis was done for comparison by gender and correlation of each factors.

    Results

    Body shape of upper lumbar vertebrae was kyphotic but caudal bodies are changed into lordotic gradually. Disc angle was lordotic in all the discs. Segmetal motion in sagittal plane was greatest at L4-L5 (18.6°). However, segmental motion at coronal plane was largest at L3-L4 (12.6°).

    Conclusion

    We achieved Korean standard of shape and motion of each lumbar segment. Proportion of each factor contributing to total lumbar lordosis was evaluated also.

    Keywords
    Normal adult; Lumbar; Segmental; Sagittal shape; Motion

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    Method of measuring sagittal shape of the body at standing lateral view.

    Fig. 2
    Lordotic shape was greatest at L5 body.

    Fig. 3
    Summarized patterns of sagittal shape and motion of each lumbar disc segment.

    Fig. 4
    The proportion of lumbar lordosis (%=degree of each factor/total lumbar lordosis).

    Fig. 5
    The standard of segmental shape in lumbar vertebrae (percentage of each factor on total amount of lumbar lordosis).

    Fig. 6
    The standard range of sagittal and coronal motions of each segment.

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    MeSH Terms
    Adult
    Animals
    Humans
    Lordosis
    Lumbar Vertebrae
    Metrics
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