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A new species of Stenodiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on florets of the invasive common reed (Phragmites australis) and its effects on seed production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2013

Jordan E. Ahee ,
Bradley J. Sinclair  and
Marcel E. Dorken
Jordan E. Ahee
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
Bradley J. Sinclair
Affiliation:
Canadian National Collection of Insects and Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Entomology, CFIA, K.W. Neatby Building, C.E.F., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada KIA OC6
Marcel E. Dorken*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: marceldorken@trentu.ca).
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Abstract

A new species of gall midge, Stenodiplosis phragmicola Sinclair and Ahee (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is described. The host plant, Phragmites australis (Cavanilles) Trinius ex Steudel (Poaceae), is a tall, widely distributed emergent aquatic macrophyte. An introduced subspecies of the plant is considered invasive in North America (although a native subspecies also occurs). Insect specimens were collected during September 2010 and 2011 from the florets of common reed at 12 sites around Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Preliminary data on ecological interactions between the plant and the insect are presented. Out of 2400 florets sampled, 9.5% were host to larvae of S. phragmicola. Three sites had much higher rates of infestation, with between 20% and 30% florets, and up to 100% of sampled shoots containing fly larvae. The largest stands in the sample all hosted fly populations and there was a positive association between the reproductive output of P. australis stands (measured as the average inflorescence mass per stand) and the proportion of shoots per stand containing larvae. The occurrence of S. phragmicola on the native subspecies of P. australis is also documented. Insects that consume reproductive structures of the common reed have not previously been reported from the plant's introduced range in North America.

Résumé

Nous décrivons une nouvelle espèce de cécidomyie, Stenodiplosis phragmicola Sinclair et Ahee (Diptera: Cecidomyidae). La plante hôte, Phragmites australis (Cavanilles) Trinius ex Steudel (Poaceae), est un macrophyte aquatique émergent de haute taille à large répartition géographique. Une sous-espèce introduite de la plante est considérée comme envahissante en Amérique du Nord (bien qu'il existe aussi une sous-espèce indigène). Nous avons récolté des spécimens de l'insecte en septembre 2011 et 2012 dans les épillets du roseau commun à 12 sites de la région de Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Nous présentons des données préliminaires sur les interactions écologiques entre la plante et l'insecte. De 2400 épillets échantillonnés, 9,5% abritaient des larves de S. phragmicola. Trois sites présentaient des taux beaucoup plus élevés d'infestation, avec entre 20% et 30% des épillets et jusqu’à 100% des tiges échantillonnés contenant des larves de la mouche. Les peuplements les plus étendus dans notre échantillonnage contenaient tous des populations de mouches et il existe une association positive entre le rendement reproductif des peuplements de P. australis (mesuré comme la masse moyenne des inflorescences par peuplement) et la proportion de pousses par peuplement contenant des larves. Nous avons aussi déterminé l'occurrence de S. phragmicola sur la sous-espèce indigène de P. australis. C'est la première fois que l'on signale des insectes qui consomment les structures reproductrices du roseau commun dans l'aire d'introduction de la plante en Amérique du Nord.

Type
Systematics & Morphology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 3 , June 2013 , pp. 235 - 246
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

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Footnotes

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7743E6BE-D48E-40BB-BAF6-F6A6B586EA3D

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