Progression of the Coral-Algal Phase Shift in the Caribbean: A Case Study in Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean
Abstract
Coral reefs around the globe are subject to environmental and anthropogenic stressors that are causing habitat degradation and a decline in reef resilience. Past studies of Caribbean reefs document a decrease in coral cover with a simultaneous increase in algal cover after significant stress, disturbance, or coral mortality. The long-term shift from coral-dominated reefs to algae-dominated reefs is known as a coral-algal phase shift. This study assessed the progression of a coral-algal phase shift at a fringing reef around Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean, by comparing current coral and algal benthic cover to historical data, from 1997 to 2008, at a site nearby. Research was conducted over a 5-w period from September to October 2012. Twenty 10-m transects were filmed and analyzed through Coral Point Count with Excel extensions software to determine percent live coral and algal cover. Mean coral cover at the study site was 14.3%, and algal cover was 72.4%. In comparison to historical data, a significant increase in the algae-coral ratio indicated a progression of a coral-algal phase shift in Bonaire. This study contributes to the scientific knowledge of coral-algal phase shifts in the Bonaire reef ecosystem and the broader scientific reef conservation.
Coral reefs around the globe are subject to environmental and anthropogenic stressors that are causing habitat degradation and a decline in reef resilience. Past studies of Caribbean reefs document a decrease in coral cover with a simultaneous increase in algal cover after significant stress, disturbance, or coral mortality. The long-term shift from coral-dominated reefs to algae-dominated reefs is known as a coral-algal phase shift. This study assessed the progression of a coral-algal phase shift at a fringing reef around Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean, by comparing current coral and algal benthic cover to historical data, from 1997 to 2008, at a site nearby. Research was conducted over a 5-w period from September to October 2012. Twenty 10-m transects were filmed and analyzed through Coral Point Count with Excel extensions software to determine percent live coral and algal cover. Mean coral cover at the study site was 14.3%, and algal cover was 72.4%. In comparison to historical data, a significant increase in the algae-coral ratio indicated a progression of a coral-algal phase shift in Bonaire. This study contributes to the scientific knowledge of coral-algal phase shifts in the Bonaire reef ecosystem and the broader scientific reef conservation.
Keywords: algae; coral reef; phase shift; reef conservation; resilience
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 November 2014
- The Marine Technology Society Journal is the flagship publication of the Marine Technology Society. It publishes the highest caliber, peer-reviewed papers on subjects of interest to the society: marine technology, ocean science, marine policy and education. The Journal is dedicated to publishing timely special issues on emerging ocean community concerns while also showcasing general interest and student-authored works.
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