| Medical Treatment of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Syndrome |
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Seok-Min Kang |
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Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea |
| 급성 심부전 증후군의 치료 |
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강석민 |
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연세대학교 의과대학 내과학교실 심장내과 |
Correspondence:
Seok-Min Kang, Tel: +82-2-2228-8450, Fax: +82-2-393-2041, Email: smkang@yuhs.ac
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| This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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| Abstract |
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Acute decompensated heart failure syndrome is the most common cause of cardiovascular hospitalization with a high rate of in-hospital mortality. The clinical presentation is characterized by different clinical profiles due to various underlying causes, precipitating factors, volume status, and tissue perfusion status. Therefore, clinicians should carefully examine the hemodynamic status of acute decompensated heart failure patients in the initial management. Risk stratification might provide guidance to clinicians who care for patients with acute decompensated heart failure syndromes, and might improve decision-making in emergent care when decisions must be made quickly and accurately. Intravenous loop diuretics are the main treatment option for the relief of congestive symptoms. This article reviews how to assess hemodynamic status of acute decompensated heart failure patients and how to perform risk stratification of patients. Additionally, the initial treatment approach with a variety of pharmacological therapies including inotropic agents, diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensinogen converting enzyme-inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, digoxin, and other medications that are routinely prescribed in the management of acute decompensated heart failure patients are also discussed. |
| Key Words:
Heart failure; Medical treatment |
| 주제어:
급성 심부전 증후군; 치료 |
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