Research Article
Sürücülerin Risk Algısı Aşina Olunan ve Olunmayan Yollarda Araç Kullanırken Nasıl Değişir: Kadın ve Erkek Sürücülerin Karşılaştırması
Abstract
Yol güvenliği, insan, araç ve çevre ile ilgili faktörler arasındaki etkileşimin bir sonucudur. Bu çalışmada, yol güvenliğinde çevre ile ilgili bir faktör olarak yol aşinalığı araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, sürücülerin aşina oldukları ve olmadıkları yollardaki öznel risk algılarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 279 erkek ve 201 kadın olmak üzere toplam 480 sürücü katılmıştır. Katılımcılar demografik bilgi formunu ve Risk Algısı Envanteri’ni doldurmuştur. Sonuçlar, sürücülerin aşina olmadıkları yollarda araç kullanmayı aşina oldukları yollara göre daha riskli algıladıklarını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, kadın sürücüler hem aşina oldukları hem de aşina olmadıkları yollarda erkek sürücülere göre daha yüksek risk algısı raporlamışlardır. Sonuç olarak, yola aşinalık, sürücülerin risk değerlendirmesinde önemli bir faktör olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ilgili literatür ışığında karayolu güvenliği üzerindeki etkileri ile tartışılmıştır.
References
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- Jonah, B. A. (1986). Accident risk and risk-taking behaviour among young drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 18(4), 255–271.
- Kanellaidis, G., Zervas, A., & Karagioules, V. (2000). Drivers risk perception of road design elements. Transportation Human Factors, 2(1), 39–48.
- Lund, I. O., & Rundmo, T. (2009). Cross-cultural comparisons of traffic safety, risk perception, attitudes and behaviour. Safety Science, 47(4), 547–553.
- Martens, M. H. (2018). The failure to respond to changes in the road environment: Does road familiarity play a role? Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 57, 23–35.
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- Ngueutsa, R., & Kouabenan, D. (2017). Fatalistic beliefs, risk perception and traffic safe behaviors. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 67(6), 307–316.
- Özkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2011). Person and environment: Traffic culture. In Porter, B (ed) Handbook of Traffic Psychology. Elsevier, London, 179–192.
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- Rhodes, N., & Pivik, K. (2011). Age and gender differences in risky driving: The roles of positive affect and risk perception. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(3), 923–931.
- Rosenbloom, T., Perlman, A., & Shahar, A. (2007). Women drivers behavior in well-known versus less familiar locations. Journal of Safety Research, 38(3), 283–288.
- Rosenbloom, T., Shahar, A., Elharar, A., & Danino, O. (2008). Risk perception of driving as a function of advanced training aimed at recognizing and handling risks in demanding driving situations. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40(2), 697–703.
- Sabey, B. E., & Taylor, H. (1980). The known risks we run: the highway. Transport and Road Research Laboratory Supplementary Report 567. Crowthorne, TRRL, UK.
- Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2003). Personality, attitudes and risk perception as predictors of risky driving behavior among young drivers. Safety Science, 41(5), 427–443.
- Yanko, M. R., & Spalek, T. M. (2013). Route familiarity breeds inattention: A driving simulator study. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 57(3), 80–86.
- Wang, B., Hensher, D., & Ton, T. (2002). Safety in the road environment: a driver behavioural response perspective. Transportation, 29(3), 253–270.
- Wu, J., & Xu, H. (2018). The influence of road familiarity on distracted driving activities and driving operation using naturalistic driving study data. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 52, 75–85.
How Drivers’ Risk Perception Changes While Driving on Familiar and Unfamiliar Roads: A Comparison of Female and Male Drivers
Abstract
Road safety is the result of the interaction between human, vehicle, and environment-related factors. Road familiarity, as a human- and environment-related factor in road safety, was investigated in the present study. More specifically, the main aim of the current study is to investigate the subjective risk evaluations of drivers on familiar and unfamiliar roads. A total sample of 479 drivers, 278 males and 201 females, participated in the present study, and filled out the demographic information questionnaire and Risk Perception Inventory. The results showed that drivers evaluated risk as higher when driving on an unfamiliar road as compared to driving in a familiar road. Moreover, females reported a higher risk perception level than males on both familiar and unfamiliar roads. As a result, familiarity with the road was evaluated as an essential factor in the risk evaluation of drivers. The results were discussed with regard to their implications for road safety in light of the relevant literature.
References
- Babić, D., Babić, D., & Šćukanec, A. (2017). The impact of road familiarity on the perception of traffic signs –eye tracking case study. Proceedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering", 10, 1–7.
- Brown, I. D., & Groeger, J. A. (1988). Risk perception and decision taking during the transition between novice and experienced driver status. Ergonomics, 31(4), 585–597.
- Charlton, S. G., & Starkey, N. J. (2011). Driving without awareness: The effects of practice and automaticity on attention and driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 14(6), 456–471.
- Charlton, S. G., & Starkey, N. J. (2013). Driving on familiar roads: Automaticity and inattention blindness. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 19, 121–133.
- Charlton, S. G., & Starkey, N. J. (2017). Drivers' mental representations of familiar rural roads. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 50, 1–8.
- Colonna, P. (2002). Proposal for a safety function for evaluating the road efficiency level. Proceedings of the Conference on Traffic and Transportation Studies, ICTTS. 1055–1062.
- Colonna, P., Intini, P., Berloco, N., & Ranieri, V. (2016). The influence of memory on driving behavior: How route familiarity is related to speed choice. An on-road study. Safety Science, 82, 456–468.
- Deery, H. A. (1999). Hazard and risk perception among young novice drivers. Journal of Safety Research, 30(4), 225–236.
- Haddon, W. (1972). A logical framework for categorizing highway safety phenomena and activity. The Journal of Trauma, 12(3), 193–207.
- Harbeck, E. L., & Glendon, A. I. (2013). How reinforcement sensitivity and perceived risk influence young drivers’ reported engagement in risky driving behaviors. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 54, 73–80.
- Havârneanu, G. M., & Havârneanu, C. E. (2012). When norms turn perverse: Contextual irrationality vs. rational traffic violations. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 15(2), 144–151.
- Hennessy, D. (2011). Social, personality, and affective constructs in driving. In Porter, B (ed) Handbook of Traffic Psychology. Elsevier, London, 149–¬163.
- Hu, Y., Liu, H., & Zhu, T. (2019). Influence of spatial visual conditions in tunnel on driver behavior: Considering the route familiarity of drivers. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 11(5), 1–9.
- Intini, P., Berloco, N., Colonna, P., & Ranieri, V. (2016). The impact of route familiarity on drivers’ speeds, trajectories and risk perception. 17th International Conference Road Safety on Five Continents (RS5C 2016).
- Intini, P., Berloco, N., Colonna, P., Ranieri, V., & Ryeng, E. (2018). Exploring the relationships between drivers’ familiarity and two-lane rural road accidents. A multi-level study. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 111, 280–296.
- Intini, P., Colonna, P., & Ryeng, E. O. (2019). Route familiarity in road safety: A literature review and an identification proposal. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 62, 651–671.
- Jonah, B. A. (1986). Accident risk and risk-taking behaviour among young drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 18(4), 255–271.
- Kanellaidis, G., Zervas, A., & Karagioules, V. (2000). Drivers risk perception of road design elements. Transportation Human Factors, 2(1), 39–48.
- Lund, I. O., & Rundmo, T. (2009). Cross-cultural comparisons of traffic safety, risk perception, attitudes and behaviour. Safety Science, 47(4), 547–553.
- Martens, M. H. (2018). The failure to respond to changes in the road environment: Does road familiarity play a role? Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 57, 23–35.
- Martens, M. H., & Fox, M. R. J. (2007). Do familiarity and expectations change perception? Drivers glances and response to changes. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 10(6), 476–492.
- Ngueutsa, R., & Kouabenan, D. (2017). Fatalistic beliefs, risk perception and traffic safe behaviors. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 67(6), 307–316.
- Özkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2011). Person and environment: Traffic culture. In Porter, B (ed) Handbook of Traffic Psychology. Elsevier, London, 179–192.
- Payyanadan, R. P., Sanchez, F. A., & Lee J. D. (2019). Influence of familiarity on the driving behavior, route risk, and route choice of older drivers. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 49(1), 10–19.
- Ram, T., & Chand, K. (2016). Effect of drivers’ risk perception and perception of driving tasks on road safety attitude. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 42, 162–176.
- Rhodes, N., & Pivik, K. (2011). Age and gender differences in risky driving: The roles of positive affect and risk perception. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(3), 923–931.
- Rosenbloom, T., Perlman, A., & Shahar, A. (2007). Women drivers behavior in well-known versus less familiar locations. Journal of Safety Research, 38(3), 283–288.
- Rosenbloom, T., Shahar, A., Elharar, A., & Danino, O. (2008). Risk perception of driving as a function of advanced training aimed at recognizing and handling risks in demanding driving situations. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40(2), 697–703.
- Sabey, B. E., & Taylor, H. (1980). The known risks we run: the highway. Transport and Road Research Laboratory Supplementary Report 567. Crowthorne, TRRL, UK.
- Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2003). Personality, attitudes and risk perception as predictors of risky driving behavior among young drivers. Safety Science, 41(5), 427–443.
- Yanko, M. R., & Spalek, T. M. (2013). Route familiarity breeds inattention: A driving simulator study. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 57(3), 80–86.
- Wang, B., Hensher, D., & Ton, T. (2002). Safety in the road environment: a driver behavioural response perspective. Transportation, 29(3), 253–270.
- Wu, J., & Xu, H. (2018). The influence of road familiarity on distracted driving activities and driving operation using naturalistic driving study data. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 52, 75–85.
There are 33 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Psychology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
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