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The Conceptualisation of Core-Periphery Rights in the Debates over Universality and Cultural Relativism of Human Rights: A Critical Examination through Political Thoughts

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 109, 27 - 51, 20.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1198572

Öz

The issue of the protection of human rights leads to a tension between universalism and cultural relativism. This tension has led to the development of an approach in the scholarly literature that some rights are universal as core rights, while some peripheral rights are culturally relative. This study aims to provide a critical examination of the universality-cultural relativism of human rights through the conceptualization of core-peripheral rights and the perspective of political thoughts. The main argument raised in this study is that even though the conceptualization of core-peripheral rights and its concomitant discourse of weak cultural relativism are of significant importance to the development of respect for differences, multiculturalism, pluralism, and value pluralism; the claim for the universality of human rights is still theoretically and normatively possible and valuable. However, it is also argued in the study that both approaches can be used in real politics in a normatively non-appropriate way.

Kaynakça

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  • ABUSHARAF, Rogaia M., “Gender Justice and Religion in Sub-Saharan Africa”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New York ve Oxford 2011, ss. 129-55.
  • AKILLIOĞLU, Tekin, İnsan Hakları: Kavram, Kaynaklar ve Koruma Sistemleri, İmaj, Ankara 2010. AL DIRIE, Mahid - Gunilla LINDMARK,, “The Risk of Medical Complications after Female Circumcision”, East African Medical Journal, Cilt: 69, 1992, ss. 479-482.
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  • ALKAN,Yavuz S., “Feminist Teorilerin Siyasal Liberalizmin Anti-Mükemmeliyetçi Pozisyonu ve Özel-Kamusal Alan Ayrımı Savunusuna Yönelik Eleştirisi: Birey Özgürlüğü Üzerinden Bir Tartışma”, Kimlik: Kapsam, Bağlam, Sınırlar, E. Yağanak - M. Açıkgöz, der., Nika Yayınevi, Ankara 2021, ss. 249-291.
  • ALSTON, Philip, “The Best Interest Principle: Towards a Reconciliation of Culture and Human Rights”, International Journal of Law and the Family, Cilt: 8, 1994, ss. 1-25.
  • ANGLE, Stephen C., Human Rights and Chinese Thought, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2002. AN-NA’IM, Abdullahi A., “Human Rights in the Muslim World: Socio-Political Conditions and Scriptural Imperatives”, Harvard Human Rights Journal, Cilt: 3, 1990, ss. 13-52.
  • AN-NA’IM, Abdullahi A., Toward an Islamic Reformation: CIVIL Liberties, Human Rights, and International Law, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, N.Y. 1990.
  • ARNESON, Richard J., “Liberal Neutrality on the Good: An Autopsy”, G. Klosko - S. Wall, der., Perfectionism and Neutrality. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham M. D. 2003, ss. 191-218.
  • ASAD, Talal vd., der., Is Critique Secular? Blasphemy, Injury, and Free Speech, Townsend Center for Humanities, University of California Berkeley 2009.
  • BADER, Veit, Secularism or Democracy: Associational Governance of Religious Diversity, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2007.
  • BALINT, Peter. “Identity Claims: Why Liberal Neutrality is the Solution, Not the Problem”, Political Studies, Cilt: 63, Sayı: 2, 2015, ss. 495-509.
  • BALZER, Marjorie M., “Religious Communities and Rights in the Russian Federation”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford ve New York 2011, ss. 247-283.
  • BANCHOFF, Thomas - Robert WUTHNOW, “Introduction”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford ve New York 2011, s. 1-22.
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  • BARRY, Brian, Culture and Inequality: An Egalitarian Critique of Multiculturalism, Harvard University Press, Cambridge M.A. 2002.
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  • BRENNAN, Katherine, “The Influence of Cultural Relativism on International Human Rights Law: Female Circumcision as a Case Study”, Law & Inequality, Cilt: 7, Sayı: 3, 1989, ss. 367-398.
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  • COPPER, John F., MICHAEL, Franz - WU, Yuan-li, Human Rights in Post-Mao China, Westview Press, Boulder, C.O. 1985.
  • DIMOCK, Susan, “Liberal Neutrality”, The Journal of Value Inquiry, Cilt: 34, Sayı 2, 2000, ss. 189-206.
  • DONNELLY, Jack, “Cultural Relativism and Universal Human Rights”, Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 6, 1984, ss. 400-419.
  • DONNELLY, Jack, “Post-Cold War Reflections on the Study of International Human Rights”, Ethics & International Affairs, Cilt: 8, 1994, ss. 97-117.
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İnsan Haklarının Evrenselliği ve Kültürel Göreliliği Tartışmasında Öz/Çekirdek-Çevre Haklar Kavramsallaştırması: Siyasal Düşünceler Çerçevesinden Eleştirel Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 109, 27 - 51, 20.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1198572

Öz

İnsan haklarının korunması meselesi, evrensellik ve kültürel görelilik teorileri arasında bir gerilime yol açmaktadır. Bu gerilim akademik literatürde bazı hakların öz/çekirdek haklar olarak evrensel olduğu, bazı çevre haklarınsa kültürel göreli olduğu yaklaşımının savunulmasına yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, insan haklarının evrenselliği-kültürel göreliliği arasındaki tartışmanın, öz/çekirdek-çevre haklar kavramsallaştırması üzerinden eleştirel bir incelemesini sunmaktır. Siyasal düşünceler çerçevesinden yapılan bu çalışmanın argümanı öz/çekirdek-çevre haklar kavramsallaştırmasının
ve bunun sonucunda oluşan zayıf kültürel göreliliği savunan söylemin; farklılıklara saygı, çokkültürlülük, çoğulculuk ve değer çoğulculuğunun geliştirilmesi için önemli bir söylem olmakla birlikte, insan haklarının evrenselliği iddiasının halen teorik ve normatif olarak mümkün ve değerli olduğudur. Bununla beraber çalışmada, her iki yaklaşımın reel politikte normatif olarak değerli olmayacak şekilde kullanılabileceği de savunulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • ABOOTALEBI, Ali R., “Islam, Islamists, and Democracy”, Middle East Review of International Affairs, Cilt: 3, 1999, < https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/olj/meria/meria99_abootalebi01.html> Erişim tarihi: 12 Nisan 2022.
  • ABUSHARAF, Rogaia M., “Gender Justice and Religion in Sub-Saharan Africa”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New York ve Oxford 2011, ss. 129-55.
  • AKILLIOĞLU, Tekin, İnsan Hakları: Kavram, Kaynaklar ve Koruma Sistemleri, İmaj, Ankara 2010. AL DIRIE, Mahid - Gunilla LINDMARK,, “The Risk of Medical Complications after Female Circumcision”, East African Medical Journal, Cilt: 69, 1992, ss. 479-482.
  • ALKAN, Yavuz S., “Türkiye’nin Laiklik Deneyimini Tanımlamak: “Kontrol-Temelli Mi Manipülatif Mi?”, III. Türkiye Lisansüstü Çalışmalar Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı-III, 15-18 Mayıs 2014, ILEM Yayınları, Sakarya 2014, ss. 13-32.
  • ALKAN, Yavuz S., Review of Thomas Banchoff and Robert Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New York ve Oxford 2011, Religion and Human Rights, Cilt: 7, 2012, ss. 59-64.
  • ALKAN,Yavuz S., “Feminist Teorilerin Siyasal Liberalizmin Anti-Mükemmeliyetçi Pozisyonu ve Özel-Kamusal Alan Ayrımı Savunusuna Yönelik Eleştirisi: Birey Özgürlüğü Üzerinden Bir Tartışma”, Kimlik: Kapsam, Bağlam, Sınırlar, E. Yağanak - M. Açıkgöz, der., Nika Yayınevi, Ankara 2021, ss. 249-291.
  • ALSTON, Philip, “The Best Interest Principle: Towards a Reconciliation of Culture and Human Rights”, International Journal of Law and the Family, Cilt: 8, 1994, ss. 1-25.
  • ANGLE, Stephen C., Human Rights and Chinese Thought, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2002. AN-NA’IM, Abdullahi A., “Human Rights in the Muslim World: Socio-Political Conditions and Scriptural Imperatives”, Harvard Human Rights Journal, Cilt: 3, 1990, ss. 13-52.
  • AN-NA’IM, Abdullahi A., Toward an Islamic Reformation: CIVIL Liberties, Human Rights, and International Law, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, N.Y. 1990.
  • ARNESON, Richard J., “Liberal Neutrality on the Good: An Autopsy”, G. Klosko - S. Wall, der., Perfectionism and Neutrality. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham M. D. 2003, ss. 191-218.
  • ASAD, Talal vd., der., Is Critique Secular? Blasphemy, Injury, and Free Speech, Townsend Center for Humanities, University of California Berkeley 2009.
  • BADER, Veit, Secularism or Democracy: Associational Governance of Religious Diversity, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2007.
  • BALINT, Peter. “Identity Claims: Why Liberal Neutrality is the Solution, Not the Problem”, Political Studies, Cilt: 63, Sayı: 2, 2015, ss. 495-509.
  • BALZER, Marjorie M., “Religious Communities and Rights in the Russian Federation”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford ve New York 2011, ss. 247-283.
  • BANCHOFF, Thomas - Robert WUTHNOW, “Introduction”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford ve New York 2011, s. 1-22.
  • BARRY, Brian, “How Not to Defend Liberal İnstitutions”, British Journal of Political Science, Cilt: 20, Sayı: 1; 1990, ss. 1-14.
  • BARRY, Brian, Culture and Inequality: An Egalitarian Critique of Multiculturalism, Harvard University Press, Cambridge M.A. 2002.
  • BOULWARE-MILLER, Kay, “Female Circumcision: Challenges to the Practice as a Human Rights Violation”, Harvard Women’s Law Journal, Cilt: 8, 1985, ss. 155-177.
  • BRENNAN, Katherine, “The Influence of Cultural Relativism on International Human Rights Law: Female Circumcision as a Case Study”, Law & Inequality, Cilt: 7, Sayı: 3, 1989, ss. 367-398.
  • BRILEY, Donnel A. ve Jennifer L. AAKER, “Bridging the Cultural Chasm: Cultural Relativism and the Future of International Law”, California Western International Law Journal, Cilt: 20, 1990, ss. 275-314.
  • CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS, 24 Ekim 1945, 1 UNTS XVI <http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b3930.html> Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • COHEN, Patricia, “Danish Cartoon Controversy”, The New York Times, New York 12 Ağustos 2009, <http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/subjects/d/danish_cartoon_controversy/index.html> Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • COHEN-ALMAGOR, Raphael, “Between Neutrality and Perfectionism”, Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, Cilt: 7, Sayı: 2, 1994, ss. 217-236.
  • COPPER, John F., MICHAEL, Franz - WU, Yuan-li, Human Rights in Post-Mao China, Westview Press, Boulder, C.O. 1985.
  • DIMOCK, Susan, “Liberal Neutrality”, The Journal of Value Inquiry, Cilt: 34, Sayı 2, 2000, ss. 189-206.
  • DONNELLY, Jack, “Cultural Relativism and Universal Human Rights”, Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 6, 1984, ss. 400-419.
  • DONNELLY, Jack, “Post-Cold War Reflections on the Study of International Human Rights”, Ethics & International Affairs, Cilt: 8, 1994, ss. 97-117.
  • DONNELLY, Jack, Teoride ve Uygulamada Evrensel İnsan Hakları (çev., M. Erdoğan ve L. Korkut) İstanbul Barosu Yayınları, İstanbul 1995.
  • DONOHO, Douglas D., “Relativism versus Universalism in Human Rights: The Search For Meaningful Standards”, Stanford Journal of Human Rights, Cilt: 27, 1990-1991; ss. 345-391.
  • DRYZEK, John S., Deliberative Democracy and Beyond: Liberals, Critics, Contestations, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2002.
  • DWORKIN, Ronald, A Matter of Principle, Harvard University Press, Cambridge M.A. 1985.
  • ERDOĞAN, Mustafa, İnsan Hakları Teorisi ve Hukuku, Orion, Ankara 2011.
  • ESPOSITO, John L. - John O. VOLL, Islam and Democracy, Oxford University Press, New York 1996.
  • FINNIS, John, Neutral Law and Natural Rights, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1980.
  • GALSTON, William A., Liberal Pluralism: The İmplications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2002.
  • GALSTON, William A., Liberal Purposes: Goods, Virtues, and Diversity in the Liberal State, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1991.
  • GAUS, Gerald F., “Liberal Neutrality: A Compelling and Radical Principle”. G. Klosko - S. Wall, der., Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham M. D 2003, ss. 137-166.
  • GAUTHIER, David, Morals by Agreement, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986.
  • GRAY, John, Two Faces of Liberalism, The New Press, New York 2000.
  • GREER, Steven, “The Margin of Appreciation: Interpretation and Discretion Under the European Convention on Human Rights”, Human Rights Files, No: 17, 2000, ss. 1-60.
  • GÜNEŞ, Itır, “Yerellik ile Evrensellik Arasında: Bir Evrensel İnsan Hakları Savunusu”, Kimlik: Kapsam, Bağlam, Sınırlar, E. Yağanak - M. Açıkgöz, der., Nika Yayınevi, Ankara 2021, ss. 193-248.
  • HATCH, Elvin, Culture and Minority: The Relativity of Values in Anthropology, Columbia University Press, New York 1983.
  • HERSKOVITS, Melville, Cultural Relativism: Perspectives in Cultural Pluralism, Random House, New York 1972.
  • HUNTINGTON, Samuel P., The Clash of Civilisations and the Remarking of the World Order, Simon and Schuster, New York 1996.
  • IGNATIEFF, Michael, (Amy Gutmann (der.)), Human Rights as Politics And Idolatry, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. 2001.
  • ISHAY, Micheline R., The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Globalisation Era, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles ve London 2004.
  • JONES, Peter, Rights, St. Martin’s Press, New York 1994.
  • KLOSKO, George - Steven WALL, der., Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham M. D. 2003.
  • KOPELMAN, Loretta M., “Female Circumcision/Genital Mutiliation and Ethical Relativism”, Second Opinion, Cilt: 20, No: 2, 1994, ss. 55-71.
  • KUKATHAS, Chandran, “Are There Any Cultural Rights?”, Political Theory, Cilt: 20, Sayı: 1, 1992, ss. 105-139.
  • KUKATHAS, Chandran, The Liberal Archipelago: A Theory of Diversity and Freedom, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003.
  • KURZMAN, Charles, “Liberal Islam: Prospects and Challenges”, Middle East Review of International Affairs, Cilt: 3, 1999, < https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/olj/meria/meria99_kuc01.html> Erişim tarihi: 12 Nisan 2022.
  • KYMLICKA,Will, “Liberal Individualism and Liberal Neutrality”, Ethics, Cilt: 99, Sayı: 4, 1989, ss. 883-905.
  • LARMORE, Charles E., “Political Liberalism”, Political Theory, Cilt: 18, Sayı: 3, 1990, ss. 339-360.
  • LEGESSE, Asmaron, “Human Rights in African Political Culture”, K. W. Thompson, der., The Moral Imperatives of Human Rights: A World Survey, University Press of America, Lanham M.D. 1980, ss. 123-138.
  • MACK, Eric - GAUS, Gerald F., “Classical Liberalism and Libertarianism: The Liberty Tradition”, G. F. Gaus - C. Kukathas, der., Handbook of Political Theory, Sage Publications, Londra 2004, ss. 115-130.
  • MASON, Andrew D., “Autonomy, Liberalism and State Neutrality”, The Philosophical Quarterly, Cilt: 40, Sayı: 160, ss. 433-452.
  • MILL, John S., On Liberty, Penguin Books, London 1859/2010.
  • MUSLIM WOMEN’S LEAGUE, “Female Genital Mutiliation”, Ocak 1999, <http://www.mwlusa.org/topics/violence&harrassment/fgm.html> Erişim tarihi: 11 Nisan 2022;
  • NAGEL, Thomas, “Moral Conflict and Political Legitimacy”, J. Raz, der., Authority, Blackwell, Oxford 1986, ss. 300-324.
  • NAGEL, Thomas, “The Objective Basis of Morality”, C. H. Sommers - F. Sommers, der., Vice and Virtue in Everyday Life, 8. Baskı, Wadsworth, Boston M.A. 2009, ss. 113-116.
  • NEAL, Patrick, “A Liberal Theory of the Good?”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 3, 1987, ss. 567-582.
  • NEAL, Patrick, “Liberalism & Neutrality”. Polity, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 4, 1985, ss. 664-684.
  • OBERMEYER, Carla M., “The Health Consequences of Female Circumcision: Science, Advocacy, and Standards of Evidence”, Medical Anthropology Quarterly, Cilt: 17, 2003, ss. 394-412.
  • OWNBY, David, “Religion, State Power, and Human Rights in China”, T. Banchoff - R. Wuthnow, der., Religion and Global Politics of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford ve New York 2012, ss. 213-246.
  • PATTEN, Alan, “Liberal Neutrality: A Reinterpretation and Defense”, Journal of Political Philosophy, Cilt: 20, Sayı: 3, 2012, ss. 249-272.
  • PERRY, Michael J., “Are Human Rights Universal? The Relativist Challenge and Related Matters”, Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 19, 1997, ss. 461-509.
  • PLATT, Jessica A., “Female Circumcision: Religious Practice v. Human Rights Violation”, < https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/Women/WRGS/FGM/Research/ReligionAndHumanRights.pdf> Erişim tarihi: 12 Nisan 2022.
  • POJMAN, Louis, “Who is to Judge?”, C. H. Sommers - F. Sommers, der., Vice and Virtue in Everyday Life, 8. Baskı, Wadsworth, Boston M.A. 2009, ss. 103-112.
  • POLLIS, Adamantia – Peter SCHWAB, “Human Rights: A Western Construct with Limited Applicability”, A. Pollis - P. Schwab, Human Rights: Cultural and Ideological Perspectives, Praeger, New York 1979, ss. 1-19.
  • QUONG, Jonathan, Liberalism without Perfection, Oxford University Press, New York ve Oxford 2011.
  • RAWLS, John, Political liberalism, Columbia University Press, New York 1996.
  • RAWLS, John, Political liberalism, Genişletilmiş Baskı, Columbia University Press, New York 2005.
  • RAZ, Joseph, The Morality of Freedom, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986.
  • RENTELN, Alison D., “Relativism and the Search for Human Rights”, American Anthropologist, Cilt: 90, 1988, ss. 56-72.
  • SHER, George, Beyond Neutrality: Perfectionism and Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997.
  • SHESTACK, Jerome J., “The Philosophic Foundations of Human Rights”, Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 20, Sayı: 2, 1998, ss. 201-234.
  • SMITH, Michael J., “Sovereignty, Human Rights, and Legitimacy in the Post-Cold War World” < https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA14079744&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=01621831&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E6dcff68b > Erişim tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • SULLIVAN, Winnifred F., “What the Danish Cartoon Controversy Tells Us About Religion, the Secular, and the Limits of the Law”, Religion Dispatches, 7 Ocak 2009, <http://www.religiondispatches.org/books/2151/what_the_danish_cartoon_controversy_tells_us_about_religion,_the_secular,_and_the_limits_of_the_law/> Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • SVENSSON, Marina, Debating Human Rights in China: A Conceptual and Political History, Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham M.D. 2002.
  • TAŞGETİREN, Ömer, “Liberal Nötrlük Mümkün Mü, Gerekli Mi?”, Divan: Disiplinlerarası Çalışmalar Dergisi, Cilt: 22, Sayı: 42, 2017, ss. 107-142.
  • TESON, Fernando R., “International Human Rights and Cultural Relativism”, Virginia Journal of International Law, Cilt: 25, 1985, ss. 869-898.
  • THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS, 16 Aralık1966, 23 Mart 1976, 999 UNTS 171, <https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights> Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS, 16 Aralık 1966, 3 Ocak 1976, 993 UNTS 3, <https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-economic-social-and-cultural-rights>Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • TOUBIA, Nahid, Female Genital Mutilation: A Call for Global Action, Rainbo, New York 1995.
  • TURNER, Bryan, Vulnerability and Human Rights, Pennsylvania University Press, University Park 2006.
  • UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, 10 Aralık 1948, UNGA Res 217, <https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights> Erişim Tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • USLU, Cennet, “Liberal Tarafsızlık ve Modus Vivendi”. Turkish Studies, Cilt: 9, Sayı: 2, 2014, ss. 1539-1556.
  • VIENNA DECLARATION, World Conference on Human Rights, Viyana, 14-25 Haziran 1993, <https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/vienna-declaration-and-programme-action> Erişim tarihi: 10 Nisan 2022.
  • WALDRON, Jeremy, “Theoretical Foundations of Liberalism”, The Philosophical Quarterly, Cilt: 37, Sayı: 147, 1987, ss. 127-150.
  • ZVOBGO, Edisson J. M., “A Third World View”, D. P. Kommers - G. Loescher, der., Human Rights and American Foreign Policy, University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame I. N. 1979, ss. 90-106.
Toplam 91 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Yavuz Selim Alkan 0000-0002-5211-5809

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 109

Kaynak Göster

APA Alkan, Y. S. (2023). İnsan Haklarının Evrenselliği ve Kültürel Göreliliği Tartışmasında Öz/Çekirdek-Çevre Haklar Kavramsallaştırması: Siyasal Düşünceler Çerçevesinden Eleştirel Bir İnceleme. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi(109), 27-51. https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1198572