Effect of Mixed Recycled Aggregate on the Mechanical Strength and Microstructure of Concrete under Different Water Cement Ratios
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Experimental Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Mix Design Method
2.3. Mechanical Properties Test
2.4. Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry
2.5. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
2.6. Scanning Electron Microscope Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results of the Compressive Strength Test
3.2. Results of Splitting Tensile Strength Test
3.3. Results of Elastic Modulus Testing
3.4. Results of MIP Test
3.5. Results of XRD Test
3.6. Results of SEM Test
4. Conclusions
- Using MRA to prepare MRAC, the maximum 28 d compressive strength can reach 37.9 MPa, which can meet the requirements of general engineering.
- Compared with ordinary concrete, the compressive strength of MRAC with the same W/C is greatly reduced, and the drop is over 50% at 28 d. In contrast, the axial compression ratio of MRAC is above 0.87, which means that the safety is better. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the influence of MRA when designing the mix ratio.
- The compressive strength of MRAC linearly decreases with increasing W/C when the W/C is higher than 0.30. When the W/C is lower than 0.30, the compressive strength of MRAC at the early stage is lower than the predicted value but is higher at the later stage. The reason is that the weakness of MRA affects the early strength of MRAC. The properties of MRA could be strengthened by cement slurry over time.
- The XRD results showed that the hydration rate of cement in MRAC is slow. However, the additional water absorbed by the MRA can act on the unhydrated cement clinker to form an internal curing mechanism, which is beneficial to the long-term development of the properties of the MRA.
- The increase in cement content can improve the mechanical properties of MRA. The main reasons are as follows: (i) Filling harmful pores effectively and then reducing the pore size of the pore structure; (ii) The wrapping of the formed hydration products strengthens the MRA more effectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Technical Index | MRA-1 | MRA-2 | MRA-3 |
---|---|---|---|
Brick Content (%) | 12.5 | 21.9 | - |
Crush Index (%) | 18 | 21 | 22 |
Apparent Density (kg/m3) | 2500 | 2480 | 2410 |
Void Ratio (%) | 52 | 53 | 49 |
2 h Water Absorption (%) | 7.9 | 8.0 | 10.1 |
24 h Water Absorption (%) | 8.7 | 9.1 | 13.2 |
Chloride Ion Content (%) | 0.014 | 0.017 | <0.005 |
Sulfate Content (%) | 0.012 | 0.049 | 0.023 |
Items | Test Results |
---|---|
Fineness (≤0.075 μm) (%) | 1.0 |
Specific Surface Area (m2/kg) | 340 |
Standard Consistency (%) | 25.4 |
Density (kg/m3) | 3150 |
Stability (Reye’s Method) (mm) | 0.3 |
Initial Setting Time (min) | 175 |
Final Setting Time (min) | 225 |
Flexural Strength (MPa), 3 d | 6.2 |
Flexural Strength (MPa), 28 d | 9.4 |
Compressive Strength (MPa), 3 d | 27.6 |
Compressive Strength (MPa), 28 d | 52.8 |
Group | Total Water | Cement | MRA-1 | MRA-2 | MRA-3 | Water Reducing Agent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MRAC-0.50 | 327.3 | 336.2 | 635.3 | 95.3 | 1022.9 | 6.1 |
MRAC-0.42 | 323.0 | 397.2 | 618.2 | 92.7 | 995.2 | 7.1 |
MRAC-0.36 | 317.9 | 469.0 | 598.0 | 89.7 | 962.7 | 8.4 |
MRAC-0.30 | 311.9 | 553.4 | 574.2 | 86.1 | 924.4 | 10.0 |
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Meng, T.; Wei, H.; Yang, X.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C. Effect of Mixed Recycled Aggregate on the Mechanical Strength and Microstructure of Concrete under Different Water Cement Ratios. Materials 2021, 14, 2631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102631
Meng T, Wei H, Yang X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Zhang C. Effect of Mixed Recycled Aggregate on the Mechanical Strength and Microstructure of Concrete under Different Water Cement Ratios. Materials. 2021; 14(10):2631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102631
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeng, Tao, Huadong Wei, Xiufen Yang, Bo Zhang, Yuncai Zhang, and Cungui Zhang. 2021. "Effect of Mixed Recycled Aggregate on the Mechanical Strength and Microstructure of Concrete under Different Water Cement Ratios" Materials 14, no. 10: 2631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102631