Revisiting the Effect of Slag in Reducing Heat of Hydration in Concrete in Comparison to Other Supplementary Cementitious Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Experimental Procedures
2.1. Materials Characterization
2.2. Mixture Proportions and Mixing Procedure
2.3. Adiabatic Temperature Rise
2.4. Semi-Adiabatic Temperature Rise
2.5. Isothermal Calorimetry
2.6. Thermal Analysis
2.7. Compressive Strength
3. Experimental Results
3.1. Adiabatic Temperature Rise
3.2. Semi-Adiabatic Temperature Rise
3.3. Isothermal Calorimetry
3.4. Thermal Analysis
3.5. Compressive Strength
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- In semi-adiabatic conditions, concrete with SL showed a reduction in the maximum temperature compared to plain concrete. However, in true adiabatic conditions, concrete with SL showed slightly higher maximum temperature than that of plain concrete. This difference is important as it may potentially lead to cracking in mass concrete structures.
- (2)
- Cement paste with SL showed greater heat release at ambient temperature (23 °C) and elevated temperature (50 °C) compared to the cement pastes with other SCMs. Temperature enhances both hydration of the cement and pozzolanic reaction of the SCMs.
- (3)
- The increased amount of CH consumption in cement paste with SL at the elevated temperature (50 °C) suggests that pozzolanic activity of SL is enhanced at 50 °C.
- (4)
- The use of SL (up to 40%) may not help the reduction of the heat of hydration in a large volume of concrete (mass concrete).
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgment
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Contents | OPC | Slag | Fly Ash | Silica Fume | Metakaolin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CaO | 62.29 | 39.92 | 7.94 | 3.43 | 1.46 |
SiO2 | 19.88 | 32.71 | 55.41 | 91.62 | 57.71 |
SO3 | 2.47 | 3.37 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.25 |
Al2O3 | 5.15 | 15.12 | 25.46 | 0.51 | 36.70 |
Fe2O3 | 3.13 | 0.53 | 8.33 | 0.03 | 2.44 |
MgO | 3.47 | 6.50 | 1.77 | 0.25 | 0.48 |
K2O | 0.91 | 0.58 | 1.41 | 0.37 | 0.65 |
TiO2 | 0.30 | 0.74 | 1.47 | 0.01 | 0.31 |
Mn2O3 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 0.08 | 0.01 | - |
P2O5 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.68 | 0.56 | - |
ZnO | 0.09 | - | 0.02 | - | - |
Na2O | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.70 | 0.34 | - |
SrO | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.22 | - | - |
Cl | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - |
Density (g/cm3) | 3.15 | 2.88 | 2.3315 | 2.34 | 2.54 |
Type | w/b | s/a (%) | Water | Cement | Slag | Fly Ash | Silica Fume | Meta Kaolin | Fine Aggregate | Coarse Aggregate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain | 0.35 | 40 | 205 | 585.71 | - | - | - | - | 645.60 | 950.13 |
SL 20 | 468.57 | 117.14 | - | - | - | 641.91 | 944.69 | |||
SL 40 | 351.43 | 234.29 | - | - | - | 638.21 | 939.25 | |||
FA 20 | 468.57 | - | 117.14 | - | - | 631.73 | 929.72 | |||
SF 20 | 468.57 | - | - | 117.14 | - | 636.14 | 936.20 | |||
MK 20 | 468.57 | - | - | - | 117.14 | 631.96 | 930.05 |
Type | Adiabatic Temperature Rise | Semi-Adiabatic Temperature Rise | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Max Temperature (°C) | Time (h) | Max Temperature (°C) | Time (h) | |
Plain | 84.62 | 41.83 | 63.07 | 19.50 |
SL 20 | 86.69 | 57.83 | 54.84 | 24.67 |
SL 40 | 86.98 | 90.67 | 49.83 | 28.33 |
FA 20 | 81.10 | 53.83 | 52.65 | 22.17 |
SF 20 | 79.01 | 54.17 | 53.79 | 23.00 |
MK 20 | 77.91 | 58.33 | 57.00 | 24.67 |
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Moon, H.; Ramanathan, S.; Suraneni, P.; Shon, C.-S.; Lee, C.-J.; Chung, C.-W. Revisiting the Effect of Slag in Reducing Heat of Hydration in Concrete in Comparison to Other Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Materials 2018, 11, 1847. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101847
Moon H, Ramanathan S, Suraneni P, Shon C-S, Lee C-J, Chung C-W. Revisiting the Effect of Slag in Reducing Heat of Hydration in Concrete in Comparison to Other Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Materials. 2018; 11(10):1847. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101847
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoon, Hoon, Sivakumar Ramanathan, Prannoy Suraneni, Chang-Seon Shon, Chang-Joon Lee, and Chul-Woo Chung. 2018. "Revisiting the Effect of Slag in Reducing Heat of Hydration in Concrete in Comparison to Other Supplementary Cementitious Materials" Materials 11, no. 10: 1847. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101847