RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Positively Regulate the Expression of PR1 Gene and Pattern-Triggered Immunity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. PAMP Treatment Induces AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Expression in Arabidopsis
2.2. Loss-of-Function Mutations of AtRDUFs Resulted in Suppressed Responses toward flg22
2.3. AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Are Pathogen Inducible Genes and Positive Regulators of Pathogen- and SA-Mediated PR1 Gene Expression
2.4. AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Are Positive Regulators of Disease Resistance to Pst DC3000 but Are Not Involved in the Regulation of Hypersensitive Cell Death
3. Discussion
3.1. AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Are PTI Signaling Components and Positively Regulate Immunity in Arabidopsis
3.2. Involvement of AtRDUFs in SA-Mediated Signaling during Early flg22-Triggered Immunity
3.3. Involvement of AtRDUFs in SA-Mediated Signaling during Pathogen-Induced Immunity
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Growth Conditions
4.2. Pathogen Inoculation and Chemical Treatments
4.3. MAPK Phosphorylation Assay and Protein Detection
4.4. Seedling Growth Inhibition
4.5. Ion Leakage Assay
4.6. Measurement of ROS Generation
4.7. Aniline Blue Staining, Microscopy Analysis, and Callose Quantification
4.8. Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis
4.9. Generation of Transgenic Arabidopsis Lines
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yi, S.Y.; Lee, M.; Kwon, S.-Y.; Kim, W.T.; Lim, Y.P.; Kang, S.-Y. RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Positively Regulate the Expression of PR1 Gene and Pattern-Triggered Immunity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14525. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314525
Yi SY, Lee M, Kwon S-Y, Kim WT, Lim YP, Kang S-Y. RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Positively Regulate the Expression of PR1 Gene and Pattern-Triggered Immunity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):14525. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314525
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi, So Young, Myungjin Lee, Suk-Yoon Kwon, Woo Taek Kim, Yong Pyo Lim, and Si-Yong Kang. 2022. "RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases AtRDUF1 and AtRDUF2 Positively Regulate the Expression of PR1 Gene and Pattern-Triggered Immunity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 14525. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314525