Win and Loss Responses in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task Mediate the Link between Depression and Problem Drinking
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Assessments, Monetary Incentive Delay Task (MIDT), and Imaging Protocol
2.3. Imaging Data Preprocessing and Group Analyses
2.4. Mediation Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Characteristics and Behavioral Performance
3.2. Brain Activations of Win vs. Nil and Loss vs. Nil
3.3. Whole Brain Regressions on AUDIT and BDI-II Scores
3.4. Mediation Models
4. Discussion
4.1. Depression and Alcohol Misuse Shared Neural Responses to Monetary Win and Loss
4.2. Shared Neural Responses Mediated the Link of Depression and Alcohol Misuse
4.3. Limitations of the Study and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Men (n = 27) | Women (n = 16) | t | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 44.9 ± 11.3 | 46.4 ± 15.6 | −0.34 | 0.71 |
Education (years) | 15.0 ± 3.6 | 14.8 ± 3 | 0.27 | 0.79 |
AUDIT score | 7.8 ± 9.3 | 4.9 ± 4.8 | 1.15 | 0.26 |
BDI-II score | 5.0 ± 8.7 | 7.7 ± 8.8 | −0.96 | 0.34 |
FTND score | 0.4 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 2.2 | −0.63 | 0.53 |
Volume (mm3) | Peak Z | MNI Coordinate (mm) | Side | Identified Brain Region | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x | y | z | ||||
Regression with AUDIT | ||||||
Positive with Win > Nil | ||||||
100,845 | 5.34 | −15 | 29 | 43 | L/R | DLPFC, SFG, Precentral G, SMA |
4.84 | 36 | −31 | 40 | L/R | IPL, PCC, Precuneus | |
49,815 | 5.27 | −21 | −37 | −11 | L | Hippocampus, Amygdala |
5.21 | 54 | −46 | −5 | R | Temporal G | |
6669 | 4.48 | 6 | 41 | 13 | L/R | ACC |
2862 | 4.06 | −9 | −7 | −11 | L/R | Hypothalamus |
2511 | 3.85 | −33 | 32 | 4 | L | IFG |
Negative with Win > Nil | ||||||
4266 | 4.06 | 6 | −70 | −35 | L/R | CBL |
Positive with Loss > Nil | ||||||
68,796 | 5.97 | 54 | −31 | −8 | R | Temporal G, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Hypothalamus |
5.29 | −12 | −58 | −20 | L | CBL | |
84,375 | 5.10 | 18 | −46 | 40 | L/R | Precuneus, DLPFC, MPFC, MCC |
4.90 | 60 | −55 | 31 | R | IPL, Precentral G, | |
3078 | 4.49 | −33 | 11 | −8 | L | Insula |
4806 | 4.30 | −33 | −1 | 40 | L | Precentral gyrus |
2538 | 4.30 | 9 | 59 | −5 | R | VMPFC |
Negative with Loss > Nil | ||||||
None | ||||||
Regression with BDI | ||||||
Positive with Win > Nil | ||||||
54,324 | 4.95 | 21 | −7 | −17 | R | Hippocampus, Amygdala, Hypothalamus |
4.76 | 45 | −43 | −14 | R | Temporal G | |
33,696 | 4.63 | −6 | −40 | 40 | L | Precuneus, PCC, DLPFC, SFG, SMA |
6048 | 4.57 | 57 | −61 | 34 | R | IPL |
4401 | 4.29 | −42 | −40 | 34 | L | IPL |
6399 | 4.26 | −12 | 23 | 40 | L | SFG |
Negative with Win > Nil | ||||||
None | ||||||
Positive with Loss > Nil | ||||||
10,665 | 4.89 | −18 | −10 | −20 | L | Hippocampus, Amygdala, Temporal G |
25,326 | 4.81 | 24 | −10 | −14 | R | Hippocampus, Amygdala, Temporal G, CBL |
6399 | 4.21 | 63 | −46 | 37 | R | IPL |
4320 | 4.08 | 21 | 59 | 22 | R | SFG |
4158 | 3.84 | −9 | −7 | 34 | L | MCC |
2403 | 3.67 | −6 | −37 | 40 | L | MCC |
Negative with Loss > Nil | ||||||
None |
p Values | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X | M | Y | X → M | M → Y | X → Y | Mediated X → Y | Mediation |
Win > Nil | |||||||
AUDIT | BDI | Brain | <0.001 | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.021 |
Brain | BDI | AUDIT | <0.001 | 0.190 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.204 |
AUDIT | Brain | BDI | <0.001 | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.190 | 0.013 |
BDI | Brain | AUDIT | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.190 | 0.005 * |
Brain | AUDIT | BDI | <0.001 | 0.190 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.201 |
BDI | AUDIT | Brain | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.009 |
Loss > Nil | |||||||
AUDIT | BDI | Brain | <0.001 | 0.010 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.029 |
Brain | BDI | AUDIT | <0.001 | 0.149 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.166 |
AUDIT | Brain | BDI | <0.001 | 0.010 | <0.001 | 0.149 | 0.020 |
BDI | Brain | AUDIT | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.149 | 0.006 * |
Brain | AUDIT | BDI | <0.001 | 0.149 | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.162 |
BDI | AUDIT | Brain | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.009 |
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Chen, Y.; Dhingra, I.; Le, T.M.; Zhornitsky, S.; Zhang, S.; Li, C.-S.R. Win and Loss Responses in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task Mediate the Link between Depression and Problem Drinking. Brain Sci. 2022, 12, 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12121689
Chen Y, Dhingra I, Le TM, Zhornitsky S, Zhang S, Li C-SR. Win and Loss Responses in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task Mediate the Link between Depression and Problem Drinking. Brain Sciences. 2022; 12(12):1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12121689
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Yu, Isha Dhingra, Thang M. Le, Simon Zhornitsky, Sheng Zhang, and Chiang-Shan R. Li. 2022. "Win and Loss Responses in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task Mediate the Link between Depression and Problem Drinking" Brain Sciences 12, no. 12: 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12121689