A general dynamical cluster identification framework including both modeling and computation is developed. The earthquake declustering problem is studied to demonstrate how this framework applies.

A stochastic model is proposed for earthquake occurrences that considers the sequence of occurrences as composed of two parts: earthquake clusters and single earthquakes. We suggest that earthquake clusters contain a “mother quake” and her “offspring.” Applying the filtering techniques, we use the solution of filtering equations as criteria for declustering. A procedure for calculating maximum likelihood estimations (MLE’s) and the most likely cluster sequence is also presented.