'지식인'에서 '지식 노동자'로 — 1950년대 일기에 투영된 顧頡剛 위상의 변모 —

河주亨

doi:10.29323/mchina.2021.3.89.93

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중국근현대사학회
중국근현대사연구 학술저널
中國近現代史硏究第89輯
2021.3 93 - 120 (28page)
DOI : 10.29323/mchina.2021.3.89.93

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河주亨 (서울대학교)

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This article explored non-Marxist historian Gu Jiegang’s status in Communist China of 1950s. As a renowned intellectual in Republic of China, he left academic legacies based on textual criticism to challenge traditional Chinese historiography. He was highly reputed not only for his eminent academic achievements, but for the patriotic commitments through academic means in Anti-Japanese Wartime. Therefore, since Republican period, he originally conceived features of a patriotic participatory intellectual for public purposes.
However Gu Jiegang confronted quite alien environments after the establishment of the People"s Republic of China in 1949. As a ruling political power, Chinese Communist Party(CCP) had relatively firm control over non-Marxist Chinese intellectuals including Gu Jiegang. So when he resided in Shanghai(上海) of early 1950s, he could not explicitly retain features of active intellectual like Republican period. Although he had no choice but to act like eremite, Gu Jiegang in Shanghai still internally maintained a critical attitude toward the CCP. This status as a critical intellectual was clandestinely revealed in private space for statement like his diary and letters to friends.
Entering government service in Beijing(北京), Gu Jiegang"s status began to change. Under more powerful control of the CCP, he was caught in political maelstroms of late 1950s and couldn’t but work as a knowledge worker rather than critical intellectual. Unavoidably this change increasingly damaged independent values of his diary as a private space for statement. It impressively symbolizes Chinese intellectuals’ fate under the CCP of 1950s.