SYSTEM CHANGES IN THE ORGANISM OF ATHLETES, INFLUENCING THE MASS TRANSFER OF RESPIRATORY GAS IN MUSCLE ACTIVITY IN MOUNTAINS

Filippov M. M., Ilyin V. N., Portnichenko V. I., Lukyantseva G. V.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

For the physiology of sports and the theory of hypoxic states, it is important to find out the mechanisms that provide the process of mass transfer and oxygen utilization in the muscular activity of various intensities in conditions of reduced pO2 in the inhaled air, especially the satisfaction of the increased oxygen demand of the organism. The decrease in pO2 in inhaled air is known to limit the ability to increase oxygen consumption and capacity for work. Certain efficiency of mountain training of athletes, as a means of increasing the functionality and endurance, is proved in numerous works of specialists in the field of sports physiology. However, despite this, interest in the problem of training athletes in mountain conditions remains high enough. The article provides an overview of the current literature on the peculiarities of the influence of mountain hypoxia, as well as hypoxia of stress on the mass transfer of respiratory gases – oxygen and carbon dioxide. The basic mechanisms of the functioning of the constituent elements of the oxygen transport system (respiratory systems, blood and blood circulation) under conditions of muscle training activity in the mountains are considered. The features of changes in the main factors that most limit the maximum oxygen consumption and the associated level of performance of athletes are given. The review analyzes typical adaptation shifts aimed at economizing the activity of the entire transport system and oxygen utilization in the body when performing physical work, which contribute to an increase in working capacity and a rapid course of recovery processes. Among them are changes in the functioning of the respiratory system, optimization of hemodynamic parameters, growth of indicators of the eritron system, as well as the restructuring of the main systems of muscle energy supply, and the like. In this review, we did not set ourselves the task of detecting the effect of the maximum reduction of pO2 on the process of phased delivery and disposal of oxygen, the formation and removal of CO2 from the body. This article is only an attempt to analyze changes in these processes in muscle activity at those heights in the mountains, where the training of athletes is most fully carried out.

hypoxia, maximum oxygen consumption, pO2 , training in the mountains.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (151), 2019 year, 64-71 pages, index UDK 616.2:612.017

10.29254/2077-4214-2019-2-2-151-64-71