Саркопения

  • Александр Александрович Пальцын ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии», 125315, г. Москва, Россия, ул. Балтийская, д. 8; Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования Российская медицинская Академия последипломного образования, 123995, г. Москва, Россия, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1
Ключевые слова: старение, динапения, нагрузки, хрупкость, гериатрия, мышца, сила, тренировка

Аннотация

Саркопения (старческое уменьшение силы и массы мышц) прогрессировала в распространенности и тяжести проявления вместе с прогрессом медицины и развитием цивилизации. На заре человечества проблемы не было, поскольку до саркопении не доживали. Затем в течение многих тысяч лет с малым количеством стариков в популяции и отвлечением внимания инфекционными эпидемиями, медицине было «не до неё». Следствия быстрого старения человечества в конце XX и начале XXI веков вывели саркопению из тени в разряд самых актуальных проблем современной медицины. Саркопения приобрела своё название около 30 лет назад, год назад вошла в международную классификацию болезней, а сегодня уже называется гериатрическим гигантом. Взлет популярности закономерен и достоин ещё большего внимания по двум причинам. Во-первых. Саркопенией обусловлены многие беды старости: физическая слабость, депрессия, боли, снижение качества жизни, оптимизма, трудоспособности, рост травматизма, инвалидность, утрата независимости, смертность. Во-вторых. Саркопения затрудняет и снижает двигательную активность, чем способствует развитию наиболее распространенных болезней, эпидемий неинфекционной природы: гипертонической болезни, атеросклероза, диабета, рака, деменции, воспалений, остеопороза. Профилактика и лечение саркопении отодвигает или предотвращает приход её «спутников».

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Опубликован
2018-06-04
Как цитировать
Пальцын А. А. Саркопения // Патологическая физиология и экспериментальная терапия. 2018. Т. 62. № 2. С. 113–121.
Раздел
Обзоры