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Letter, Francesco Vatalaro to Andrew J. Viterbi, May 9, 1995
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Letter, Francesco Vatalaro to Andrew J. Viterbi, May 9, 1995
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L Approaching the Shannon Limit: Theorist's Dream and Practitioner's Challenge Andrew Viterbi, QUALCOMM Incorporated 1. Introduction Nearly half a century after Shannon established the channel capacity of a noisy channel as the insurmountable limit on the rate of reliable communication, a combination of long known but dormant concepts and a fresh approach has brought us to within a remarkably small distance of that limit. For an additive white Gaussian (AWGN) channel, low error probabilities have been achieved at rates greater than eighty percent of capacity, or in terms of bit energy-to-noise density ratio, EJNo, within less than IdB of the minimum value which corresponds to operation at channel capacity. The underlying concept which led to these results, first established through simulation by Berrou et al [1993], is that of iterative codes with soft decision output decoding. These codes and their corresponding decoder, originally labeled "turbo" codes, are more appropriately described as long systematic block codes implemented by means of two or more parallel interleaved convolutional codes. The following are the primary characteristics of these codes and their corresponding decoders: a) The uncoded information is sent, followed by two or more sets of parities. Each parity set is generated by a linear shift register employing feedback. All but the first set of parities are generated from a differently interleaved set of inputs. b) Performance, especially very low output error rates, depends on the size of the interleaver and its irregularity. Choice of pseudorandom permutation for the interleaver is much superior to that of a regular block interleaver. c) The decoder generates soft decision outputs for each information bit based on one set of parities, then iteratively repeats the process on the second set of parities using the soft decision information from the first set, and continues to iterate successively until all parity sets are exhausted, after which it returns to the first set. d) Performance depends strongly on the choice of output soft decision metric. Two alternatives are the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) algorithm proposed by Bahl et al [1974] and the soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) proposed by Hagenauer and Hoeher [1989]. While the former initially appeared to be too complex because of the necessity of multiplications and greater storage requirements, several non-degrading simplifications have been found recently which render it only moderately more complex ,.......--------------------------------------------~~----~----- than the conventional Viterbi algorithm. Moreover, the MAP algorithm appears to outperform the SOYA algorithm by about O.7dB [Hagenauer et aI, 1996]. We begin by showing in the next few sections that the MAP algorithm, or its logarithmic equi~alent, consists of essentially the combination of two Viterbi algorithms (one forward and one backward) coupled by a dual-maxima metric calculation [Viterbi, 1995]. We then show how it applies to turbo codes. Most of this material appears in the references. Our purpose is to simplify and to provide a more intuitive exposition and a unified perspective. 2. The MAP Algorithm, Concisely Stated and Justified Referring to Fig. 1, the trellis diagram of a blocked (or tailed off) convolutional code which starts and terminates in the zero state, we concentrate on the kth branch and define: Uk = bits associated with kth branch s = generic state for the kth node (after kth branch) s' = generic state for the (k-1)th node (before kth branch) Y k = vector of received symbols for kth branch Yj<k = vector of received symbols for all branches before kth Yj>k = vector of received symbols for all branches after kth Y =Yj<k , Yk ,Yj>k = vector of all received symbols over entire trellis. Then using the independence of symbols Y on successive received branches and the Markov property of the trellis, (state s and branch Yk depend only on state S/), we have (1) kth branch received symbols Yk s' S r-----..., o initial node Trellis j < k .... (k-1) th k th node node Trellis j> k ..... Fig. 1 MAP Framework where Generalized VA Forward Recursion Generalized Dual-Maxima Computation Generalized VA Backward Recursion We note from these expressions the recursions (2) (3) (4) a.ds) = La. k - 1 (S') Yds' ,s) s' ~k-l (s') = L Yk(S' ,s) ~ds) (forward) (backward) (5) (6) with initial and final conditions <lo(O)=l=~N (0). With these preliminaries, we can establish the measure of interest, the soft output for the kth branch. For the sake of simplicity, we consider a binary trellis which pertains to a single bit for each branch, which we denote u (the generalization to a several bit branch -as for trellis coded modulation- will be straightforward). Then the likelihood ratio of Uk given y is where LP(s' ,s,y) = s' ,S:Uk =+\ LP(s' ,s,y) S',S:Uk=-\ L ak_\(s')Yk(S' ,s)~k(S) _ S"S:Uk=+\ - L ak_\(s')Yk(S' ,s)~k(S) s' ,S:Uk=-\ (7) the summations of numerator and denominator are over those pairs of states for which Uk=+1 and uk=-l, respectively, and the conditional probabilities of the first ratio are replaced by joint probabilities according to Bayes rule and cancellation of the common term p(y) in numerator and denominator. The MAP algorithm consists of the operation (7) coupled with the recursions (5) and (6) which employ the branch likelihood (4). Note that because (7) is a ratio, the a and ~ state metrics can be normalized at any node, which keeps all of them from overflowing. All this has been known for over twenty years and generally ignored because: a) with hard decision outputs, performance is almost the same as for the VA; b) complexity is much greater because of the multiplication operation required and the additional backward recursion. With the incentive provided by turbo codes and their improved performance employing MAP, interest was rekindled and it was recognized that simplification can be effected without compromising performance, as described next. 3. LOG-MAP, A Dual Generalized VA Taking logarithms of all parameters we define each as the Latin symbol equivalent of the Greek symbol, a = Ina, b = In~, c = Iny and L = InA. Thus (4) through (7) become ak(s) = InL exp [ak_\(s')+Ck(S' ,s)J s' the branch metric (4') (5') (6') L k = In L exp (ak-l + Ck + b k ) -In L exp (a k - 1 + ck + b k ) . s' 'S:Uk=+1 s' ,S:Uk=.! (7') Note that for a binary trellis the summations in (5') and (6') are over just two terms, while in (7') each is over half the connected state-pairs of which there are in all 2 m in each subset where m is the number of memory elements of the convolutional encoder. Note also that since the a and ~ metrics could be normalized by a common factor at each node, so the a and b metrics can be reduced by a common amount at each node. The first revelation comes about as a result of the approximation (8) with the approximation improving as the values Xi diverge. With this approximation, (5') and (6') become exactly the VA recursions, respectively forward and backward, where the latter begins with the final node. Similarly (7') becomes the dual-maxima procedure [Viterbi, 1995]. Hence we arrive at a forward and backward VA, coupled together at each node by a dual-maxima computation. Necessarily the approximation (8) produces some degradation. This can be avoided by using the second revelation, the identity In (ex +e Y ) = Max (x,y)+In(l +e- 1x - Y1 ) ~ g(x,y) . (9) The second term can be viewed as a "correction" and implemented using a table look-up ROM driven by Ix-yl, while sign (x-y) is required to determine Max(x,y). To obtain a precise form of (8) when there are more than two terms in the sum, we nest the operations g( ) to obtain I InL e Xj = g(xl' g(X I _ I , g(X3'g(X2'xd) .. ·) i=1 (10) which is required for (7'), as well as for (5') and (6') when the trellis structure is non-binary. But the conclusion is the same: with the correction (second term of (9» providing for the exact form, the log-MAP algorithm is implemented as two generalized VA algorithms coupled by a generalized dual-maxima procedure where the generalization involves adding the correction term to the max (x,y) function to obtain the function g(x,y) of (9). ---~--~------------------------- 4. Branch Metric for the AWGN Channel Since the branch metric (4') detennines all successive parameters (5') to (7') through recursion and other computations, let us consider its fonn for the example of a systematic binary trellis code and an AWON channel. Then since s' and s determine the bit Uk which caused the transition as well as the code symbols X k2 . . . Xkn associated with the rest of the branch, we may rewrite (4') as But with Uk and x kj taking on values ±1, we have 2E ( n J = - ukYkl + L.Xkj Ykj + tenns independent of Uk and xk No j=2 while with the definition A L1 p(Uk = +1) p(uk = +1) 1- p(U k = -1) L k = In = In -----'-:----'-:--- = In -----::...-..-....:..- p(Uk = -1) 1- p(U k = +1) p(Uk = -1) it follows that (11) so that, removing constant tenns, (12) where A=2ElN o . This expression for C k should be used in (5') and (6'). Substituting in (7'), we obtain a relation between Lk> the log likelihood ratio function for the kth branch after decoding, and L k' the function before decoding, (or after decoding the previous iteration for the turbo decoder), to be where L k ~ In I exp(ak_l + b k + <\) -In I exp(ak_l + b k + <\) s' ,s:u k =+1 s' ,S:uk =-1 and n _ (I ) 2E ~ C k S ,s = - £..J xkjY j . No j=2 5. Implications for Turbo Codes (13) (14) (15) In the turbo code literature, L k is called the extrinsic likelihood [Hagenauer et aI, 1996]. This is all that needs to be calculated and output by the generalized dual maxima computer, since L k and Ykl were inputs. In fact, L k becomes the likelihood ratio function in place of L k for the next turbo decoding iteration. Thus (7') and (12) can be replaced by (13) through (15). To illustrate how the algorithm is applied to turbo codes, we consider for expository simplicity the rate 1/3 code whose elements are shown schematically in Fig. 2. Generalization to other rates is straightforward. Except for the interleaver, the encoder is the same for a conventional convolutional code as for the turbo code. The code is systematic (the information bit is transmitted uncoded) and the parity checks are generated by infinite impulse response shift registers both employing 'the feedback polynomial Go(D) and feedforward polynomials GI(D) and G 2 (D), respectively. Information Bits ,. ..,u. ·1 , Parity I I Generator "'0 G1(D)/GO(D) ~ \ Parity , Interleaver ~ \.. Generator G3D)/GO(D) Fig. 2 Encoder for Rate 1/3 Turbo Code a) Conventional Convolutional Code 7;~ rs·· ...... ~ rs ~........ cs~ rs..· ....· . . . b) Turbo (Parallel Concatenated) Convolutional Code Fig. 3 Relationships for Rate 1/3 Conventional and Turbo Codes The conventional encoder is equivalent to a non-systematic encoder with only feedforward shift registers having connection polynomials Go(D), G1(D) and G 2 (D). For the turbo code, a more general formulation would use different feedback polynomials for the two parity check generators; in fact, however, in most cases studied not only are the feedback polynomials identical, but so are the feedforward polynomials: G 1 (D)=G 2 (D). The most significant difference between the conventional code and the turbo code, also called a parallel concatenated convolutional code [Divsilar and Pollara, 1995], is the iterative decoding procedure employed in the latter. This is illustrated schematically in Figs. 3a and 3b, referring to rate 1/3 conventional and turbo codes, respectively. In each case the information bits are shown as squares and the parity check bits as circles. In the conventional decoder (Fig. 3a) arrows indicate that the two parity bits, generated as the information bit enters simultaneously into both parity generators, influence directly and primarily, according to (14) and (15), the decoding of that information bit (although they will also influence secondarily the decoder's choice of many other information bits). For the turbo decoder, the schematic (Fig. 3b) is drawn for a block interleaver for the sake of expository simplicity, although it has been shown that an irregular (pseudo-random) interleaver results in better performance [Benedetto and Montorsi, 1996]. As shown, however, the rows are encoded in order without interruption between them, and so are the columns. Again the arrows indicate which information bit is primarily influenced by each parity. The major difference however, is that the decoding is performed separately and sequentially on rows and columns. First, for example, the "horizontal" code is decoded, in which only one parity is generated for each information bit. The log-MAP algorithm thus generates the extrinsic likelihood L k for the kth bit according to (14), using the quantities ck(s ' ,s) of (15) which involve the inner product of the received parity with all the possible transmitted parities, along with the state metrics ak_1(s' ,s) and bk(s' ,s) which depend on many other information bits and parities. In the next step, the vertical code is decoded to obtain a new extrinsic likelihood L k for each bit, now using the parity associated with that bit (just below it) according to (15) as well as the state metrics according to (14), which are computed from all other bits, now augmented by the extrinsic likelihood of the previous step, and their corresponding parities. This process continues alternating between the "horizontal" and "vertical" code, until after the last iteration, where the final hard decision is made on each bit based on the weighted sum of the received bit and the last two extrinsic likelihood ratios, one for the "horizontal" and one for the "vertical" decoding. 6. Concluding Remarks We summarize the current state of understanding of turbo codes in terms of four basic issues: a) the soft output decoding algorithm; b) the choice of good codes; c) the size and nature of the interleaver; d) the explanation of the superior perfonnance of the iterative turbo decoder, as demonstrated through simulations. The level of understanding diminishes in the above order from being virtually complete for (a) to being almost totally empirical for (d). First, as this note has attempted to show, the MAP soft-output algorithm is not nearly as complicated and unintuitive as it originally seemed. In fact, it is no more than two generalized Viterbi decoders coupled together by a generalized dual-maxima computation. It is evident then that its processing complexity (per iteration) is no greater than 3 times that of a Viterbi decoder for the same (convolutional) code constraint length, but that its memory requirements are much greater due to the need to store all state metrics for all nodes for both forward and backward recursions: Finally, inasmuch as turbo codes can use much shorter constraint lengths, the processing load per iteration may actually be quite modest, though with multiple iterations, the load still exceeds that of conventional decoders by a moderate multiple. Much progress has been achieved in the choice of turbo codes (b), particularly by Divsilar and Pollara [1995], using free distance arguments. While these techniques really apply only to the EtlNo range above the computational cutoff, where union bounds are valid, they produce nevertheless codes which yield good perfonnance to within less than IdB of the Shannon limit. Regarding (c), Benedetto and Montorsi[1996] have demonstrated that error probability is inversely proportional to the size of the interleaver, when it is chosen randomly, though again only for EJNo above the computational cutoff. This result is important not only to understand turbo codes, but also to guarantee their low "error floor." The size of the interleaver also establishes the minimum delay requirement for a given level of performance. All the results for (b) and (c), however, pertain to turbo, or parallel concatenated, convolutional codes which are optimally decoded. While the MAP algorithm does provide for the optimum computation of metric, or likelihood, for each iteration, it is by no means clear that the iterative procedure leads to an optimal overall decoder. On the other hand, empirical results for (d), based on extensive simulations by numerous groups of researchers, establish the remarkably good perfonnance of iteratively decoded turbo codes. This then is the surprising conclusion and the major contribution of Berrou et al [1993]. It is possible that a full understanding of this topic will defy analytical attacks for the indefinite future. Infonnation theorists can find comfort in the fact that the process breaks down prior to the Shannon limit, but at a greatly diminished distance from it than was previously deemed practically achievable. The practitioner's challenge can be summarized by the following four issues: 1) implementation complexity; this is less formidable than originally appeared, as we have shown here that it is not significantly greater than for a conventional Viterbi decoder (of greater constraint length). We can show, however, that by increasing the processing load by 1/3 to 4 times that of a conventional Viterbi decoder, the memory requirements can be drastically reduced to become essentially equal to those for the conventional decoder. .. < ' 2) interleaving delay; this has been shown [Benedetto and Montorsi 1996] to be on the order of several thousand bits in order to prevent an "error floor" at higher values of Et!No. 3) channel variability caused by fading and doppler, which is particularly severe for mobile applications. 4) operation at very low Et!No values, near the Shannon capacity limit, renders the problem of estimating phase and other parameters far more difficult. While (2) and (3) may preclude the use of turbo codes for certain applications, (4) may ultimately be the most challenging hurdle to overcome in order to achieve the promise of turbo codes. Reference List Bah! LR, Cocke J, Jelinek F and Raviv J. (1974) "Optimal Decoding of Linear Codes for Minimizing Symbol Error Rate," IEEE Trans. Information Theory, 20: 284-287. Benedetto S, Montorsi G. (1996) "Unveiling Turbo Codes: Some Results on Parallel Concatenated Coding Schemes," IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 42:409-428. Berrou C, Glavieux A and Thitimajshima P. (1993) ''Near Shannon Limit Error-Correcting Coding: Turbo Codes," IEEE International Conference on Communications, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 1064-1070. Divsilar D and Pollara F. (1995) "On the Design of Turbo Codes," TDA Progress Report, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, pp. 42-123. Hagenauer J and Hoeher P. (1989) "A Viterbi Algorithm with Soft-Decision Outputs and its Applications, "IEEE Globecom, Dallas, Texas, pp.47.1.1-47.1.7. Hagenauer J, Offer E and Papke L. (1996) "Iterative Deocding of Binary Block and Convolutional Codes," IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 42:429-445. Viterbi AJ. (1995) CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications, Chapter 4, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts pp. 77-121. 02-AGO-1996 20:20 DA DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGA A A 001519658250e P.01/0 TELEFAX MESSAGE ~lrJJ D1PARTIMENTO OIINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA UNIVERSITA- DEGll STUDI DI ROMATOR VERGATA Via della R1cerco Scientif1ce - 00133 ROMA WJI"I'\r~ TO: Dr. Andrew J. Viterbi QUALCOMM Inc. San Dicao. CA Telefax: 00] -619·6582S00 1!S. of pages (including this): 1 . Prof. Francesco Vatalaro Phone: +39-6-7259-4464 Telefax: +39-6-2020519 e-mail: Varalaro@utovrntit IRom!. August 2, 1996 [SUBJECT: Your lecture at Universita di Roma IITor Versata" Dear Andy. thank you for your email of yesterday. October 7 seem~ OK [0 me. I will give you confumarion as soon as I can contact the office for the reservation of our "Aula Magna ll : I will do this during the last week of August. Sincerely yours. TOTALE P.01 DA F. VATALARO N. TELEFONO 06 7259 4464 P01 FAXTO!~ Deborah Casher QUALCO~Inc" San Diego CA, USA Telefax: QOl~19·6.58·2500 Rama, AugU$l. I, 1996 Dear Ms. ea$ner, thank yo~ fQl' copying me [he EMPS'96 paper by Dr. Vilc,rbi. Indl'cd, J had Ihe copy already, but you made happy a ph.D. stud~nt of mille who nll\V has his OWll copy ahoost directly from AJ. Viterbi himself! Now I disturb you because I sent to Andrew an e-mcssi1gl' al lh~ t:nd 01" last wel'k and I did no~;~ive his answer (is he on holidays?). Mily r l:Upy my nK:,.)S(\gl~ III you 10 checkiJf what [ am propo51ng is acceptable'! Since, Onober is tOlll i.~l ~ 'asull in Rome. an<t~many good hotels are already booked. I derilkd to Itlltdlivdy plan', a reservation at Hotel Eden. via Ludovisi, 49, Roma, bill we l'~\11 cl1ange. Please, tah' note that I will be on holiday in the period August 3·25. Thank you for your kind assistance. Sincerely Y<*S/1.-1l F. Vatalaro : ~ I,~ Prof. Francesco VATALARO Dipartimenteo lett Ingegneria Elettronica Universityofl~ Tor Vergara Via dellaRi*, Scienrifica 00133·RO~ (Italy) Tel.: +39-6·~9-4464 Fax: +39~6·2020S19 e-mail: V~tala.re@utovnn.it ......~.=~=~2Z•••••••======~=~======_ DearAndrew~ thank you fOt'!~ur very cute (is this for "simp;;tka"?) anw,'·.:r of )'t,:.,I<.:nl:I.'- I am pleased'to infonn you that my University wish to p;lrt]y conlribut\.· Lo YO\lr travel expenses in the occasion of the EMPS'96 workshop and t1w 1l'l..:tlIr\.· YOiJ Vl,.:ry kindly accept~ to give at our University. My proposal b that we can host you ~nd our Honorary Cd Ch~lirJ.lcr on, Mr''i Em:l Viterbi, here :in Rome for the period of the workshop ami Iecltlr~·. if you accept, please. intmm. me on expected dates of urrivalldepartlJn~ so lkll we 1.:,;\1) arntllgl~ for the hotel reser.vation. Further. please, let me know if yOll hav\.: ~\n)' hOll..:1 prdcr-·Ill'L~. Regardini yqur lecture at the University, probCloly the most Sllit:lhk eLlll' could he October t MOEY 14. if your wife and you intend to spc.nd (he wctk-e.nd ill ftaly. Of course, at. er dates are possible and you are completdy rr~~. to s<:.kct wlwt is most apprap Itt to you. Best regards. Franco l _ 6455 Lusk Blvd, San Diego, Califomia 92121-2779 0 (619) 587-1121 0 Fax: (619) 658-2500 July 26, 1996 Professor Francesco Vatalaro Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita Degli Studi Di Roma (Tor Vergata) Via della Ricerca Scientifica 0133, Roma, Italy Dear Prof. Vatalaro: In speaking with Prof. Yi today, he indicated that Dr. Viterbi's EMPS manuscript had not been received. As indicated in your April 29th letter, we sent the manuscript to Christopher Greenwell at Springer-Verlag on May 29th via overnight courier with a copy also sent to you. We are sending you another copy to be sure it is received and a copy to Prof. Yi per his request. Sincerely, ~~r~ Deborah Casher Assistant to Andrew J. Viterbi cc: Prof. Byung K. Yi, CTA Inc. Enc!. ~---- (619) 587-1121 0 Fax: (619) 658-2500 Dear Prof. Yi: 6455 Lusk Blvd, San Diego, California 92121-2779 0 Deborah Casher Assistant to Andrew J. Viterbi Professor Byung K. Yi CTA Inc. 6116 Executive Boulevard. Suite 800 Rockville, Maryland 20852 Ene!. Per your request a moment ago, please find enclosed Dr. Viterbi's manuscript for EMPS'96. To be certain it is received by all necessary parties, I sent another copy to Prof. Vatalaro. July 26, 1996 Sincerely, 6455 Lusk Blvd, San Diego, California 92121-2779 0 (619) 587-1121 0 Fax: (619) 658-2500 May 29,1996 Mr. Christopher Greenwell Springer-Verlag London Sweetapple House, Catteshall Road Goldaming, Surrey, GU7 3DJ United Kingdom RE: Second European Workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms (EMPS'96) October 9-11, 1996 Dear Mr. Greenwell: Please find enclosed the final camera ready paper entitled "Approaching the Shannon Limit: Theorist's Dream and Practitioner's Challenge" by Andrew J. Viterbi for inclusion into the above proceedings. Please contact me if you have any questions. Sincerely, Deborah Casher Assistant to Andrew J. Viterbi AN/dc Enc!. D OOMESllC TRAFRC REQUEST [K] INTERNAllONAL SERVICE TYPE SENDER INFO SERVICE INFO ("X· the appropriate charge) Dept Number Requester Name Requested Date D Air/Express Service 1110 Deb Casher 5/29/96 D Ground Service Job Number Employee No. Extension Must Arrive Date D Employee to Pay (Personal) 655 84806 5/31/96 D Freight Collect. Enter billing Program Manager/ Department Manager Delivery Service information under FREIGHT COLLECT INFO. AM SiQnature Emo. No. SHIP TO INFORMATION SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS (Name _. To the attention of...) Hold for Pick-up? NO Mr. Christopher Greenwell SiQnature Receipt Reauired? NO (Company Name) FREIGHT COLLECT INFO Springer-Verlag London Ship Via: FedEX UPS FedEX (Street Address/Bldg. No.) Customer's Acct #: ## Sweetapple House, Catteshall Rd. INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENT (City, State, Zip Code, Country) Proprietary? ~J Goldaming, Surrey, GU7 3DJ UK Temporary Export? (Recipient's Area Code & Phone Number) DutylTaxes Paid by QUALCOMM? ~, Made in USA? -..........-:.; REFERENCE End-Use Explanation: READ/ANSWER INFORMATION PACKAGE INFORMATION Item Description Quantity MCN Serial/Asset No. $Value " ~' ~<~~ \\\\\ \\\\'" \"V \-. \ ACCOUNTING INFORMATION D This shipment contains billable items; please forward completed traffic request copy to Accounts Receivable. SHIPMENT INFORMATION Packed by Shipped via Carrier Date Shipped Waybill No. Comments: If Billable Shipment, enter Est. Freight Charge 6455 Lusk Blvd, San Diego, California 92121-2779 0 (619) 587-1121 0 Fax: (619) 658-2500 May 29, 1996 Via Facsimile: 39-62020519 Professor Francesco Vatalaro Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita Degli Studi Di Roma (Tor Vergata) Via della Ricerca Scientifica 0133, Roma, Italy Dear Franco: Thanks for sending the advanced program. Please note that my talk, for which I am today sending the manuscript for publication in the Proceedings, is entitled: II'Approaching the Shannon Limit: Theorist's Dream and Practitioner's Challenge." As you requested, we are sending under separate cover a copy of the manuscript. Best regards, 4 ' Ah~bi Chief Technical Officer AJVIdc ~Ol 3~ OJ. a 13 3(1 W(I o 11••0d-IJ.• d 3.10 ::}(I V o ilTl0d Dd X09.1 W J. a. as m 01.1 L AV.3(1 S(I .LV 1.11 I A .3(1 1(1 a(lVM(lO. ..J 1)? 3(10.LS ~S 3.10lAJ3(1 AS a '1. d Gd OIJ,V::>I f1WlAJOJ GO <'9 .1::>3(1(10,) (lO(l~3 ::>3 a· .L.J~ .3S Sd9008-v 8v (l3m~n, 01_LV~3dO f\J J,O 1 ..08.00:0 .V.10.1 0096 I ({31.. .d~O') ::>3 r /1 ..08.0 Wd99:8 96-8<'-9 6ISOGOC; 9 6f:+ [ 3~ 3am S39Vdfl. . TO (.1V(I a 3WI.L 1.~VJS o I .1V.1S 3J,OlAJ3~ 'ON *** a '3S *** 1 1 03W~IdNOJ S39Vd IVlOl 03NNVJS ,S39Vd IVlO~ ** lNflOJ ** (M0139 SlIVl30 33S 3A09V 31dWVS a3JOa3~) a3W~IdNOJ SVM lN3WOJOa SIHl l~Od3~ NOISSIWSNV~l (B"l SJ 087-'1 '1 21 l\!1a.y 29, "1.996 Via Fa.cshn.ile~ 39-1"20205:1.9 ProfeBB<>r Francesco Va.t:alaro Dipar.t-in~e.rl"o D1 lngegneria Ele~t'.roni.ca U~jv-ersit-a. .Degli Studi Oi Rou"\ft (Tor Vergata.) Vl.a della Ricerca. Scie.n:t:ifica 01 33, .R.orna.... Ilaly Dear Franco: Thar\ks for .sen.ding "he adV'~nced prograJ:n..Please not'e that .r:n.y t'a..lk, for "Yhich J a.l'X'l t:oda.y sendl.ng the :nl.an.uscr:ap1 :for publ.ica.tion. in .he Proccedi.n.gs, is enti..t:Jed: ..,Approach.iTlg th.e Shannon. Lit:r\it: Theorist's ·Drea.m an.d Pract:ltioraer:-'s ChaJle:n.ge,U As y01.J1 req'LI.eBtced,~e a.re serl.dtng under scpa.ra~e coV'cr a copy o£ the .lTla.:n.uscript:. 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QUALCOMM Incorporated [address]. . 6455 Lusk Blvd. San Diego, CA 92121 USA ..................... ; . confirm that I am the copyright owner of the work entitled: , h h L"'t Theorl'st's Dream and Practitioner's Challenge" 'Approaching t e S annon lml: .................................................................................................................................................................................... Subject to the qualifications above I assign to Springer-Verlag London Limited the copyright of the above work for publication in Ananasso & V~ltalaro / ~[obile l\'IuItimedia Satellite Communications warrant that the work is original (and has not been published before*), and contains no libellous or unlawful statements, and does not infringe the rights of others. C'delete the words in brackets if they do not apply.) - ---- - - - ------------------ • 27-MAG-1996 16:28 DA DIP. I G.ELET.TOR VERGATA R 016196582500 P.01/12 N. of pages including this one: A2. TO: Prof. F. Ananasso ~ Nuova Telespazio, Roma, Italy Dr. A. Cavallaro· CSELT. Torino, Italy Prof. B. G. Evans - Surrey University. Guilford, Surrey, UK Dr. M. Lopriore - ESA/ESTEC. Noordwijk. the Netherlands Dr. E. Lutz· DLR, Wessling,. Germany Prof. G. Maral- ENST TELECOM Paris~ Toulouse, France Dr. C. Mastracci - Alenia Spazio, Roma, Italy Dr. E. Vitali - TELECOM Italia Roma, Italy Dr. A. J. Viterbi - Qualcomm Inc., San Diego, USA Copy; Dr. F. Bertoldi - nc, Genova, Italy FROM: Prof. F. Vatalaro • Univ. di Roma "Tor Vergata'" Italy SUBJECT: Status of EMPS '96 preparation. Dear Collegues, Roma, May 27, 1996 Telefax: 40793624 011-2287056 0044~1483-259504 0031 ·71565-5431 0049-8153-281442 0033-62172989 41514432 3688-5740 001·619-658·2500 010-2722183 +39-6-2020519 (fax) + 39-6-72594464(Te1.) 1)viQ.w. Francesco Vatalaro this fax is to inform you on the status of EMPS '96 preparation. Please, find enclosed the draft of the Technical Programme. In the draft the Chainnen who did not provide confumation yet are indicated with a question mark. Please t take note that wirhin a couple of weeks we have to print the "advance programme" booklet. so please provide your comments at your earliest convenience. Preliminary Program is also attached for your infonnation: this was sent to IEEE to be print on the Communications l\1agazine and to AEI to be print on ETT. You also find attached copies of summaries that, due to my mistake, were not included in the package provided at WSC meeting last April and a letter of Mr. Richard G. Gould. Thank you very much for your kind cooperation. Best Regards- 16:28 DA DIP. I G. ELET. TOR l)ERG TA A 0016196~82500 P.02/12 Second European workshop on MobilelPersonal Satcoms (EMPS '96) October 9-11, 1996, Rome, Italy PREUWNARY PROGRAM SCOPE The Second ElU'opean wotkshcp OIl MobileIPc:rsonal Satcoms (EMPS'96) aims at promoting Ulteractions between experts in this (ast-moving field. At the time ofEMPS'96, some GEO land mobile/personal ~stems will have a$sesscd o~tional experience (e.e. INMARSAT, EUTELSAT. OPTUS> AMSC, M.SAT, etc.). other experimental systems will be in operation (e.g. ACTS> EMS), and other non.oEO systems will be at an advanced staae ofdevelopm~t (e.~, GLOBALSTAR, IRIDIUM). It may be easily anticipated that even mon: advanced concepts, e.g. at frequencies big.~ than L-band or for multimedia systems. will be further developed. Following its successful first edition, the ENlPS workshop oontin~lj to be n ..~ularly held every other year, alternating with the European Personal and Mobile Communications Conference (EPMCC), HONORARY CHADlMAN' AJu/rew J. Vit6rbi, QUAlCOMM .Inc., USA WORKSHOP STEElUNG COMMITTEE F'lllvio~so (Workshop co-clwm:l.an) Nuova TeJespazio, Italy Francosco Vatalaro (workshop co-chaiman) Universiti ell Roma Tor Vergata and lIC, Italy Ant!1l'Zio Cavallaro~ CSELT~ Italy &rry G. Evans. University of Surrey. UK Mario Loprlore. £SA, The Netherlands Eri,h Udz, DLR., Germany ~,.ard Maral. ENST, France C/QudioMeutmcci. Alc:nia. Spazio,!1Ild ne, Italy E~ Vitali, Telecom Italia, Italy ~~ATIONALSCDNTUICCO~TIEE Oreste Andrlsano. Italy B'rnt2rd Barrmi. EU Ezia Bigli'eri, Italy Michttl Bousquet, France Imrich ChlDmtac, USA .RiccardoDe Gailtlenzi, ESA Enrico [HI R8, Italy Pietro De Santi$, n-.trELSAT John G. Gardin." UK NI'cholQ.S Hart, Australia PeurJ. Me Lane, Canada Lawrmc{1 B. }.(ilstein, USA Aido Paraboni, Itlily Deborah Pink. USA AndreQS PoIydoro3. USA Giuseppe Quagltone, Italy A.ntemio $Qitto, Italy J~'eph ShQpi7Q, Israel GamlltU Steffe, Norway Guido Tart.ara, Italy Fmru:esco Vt11d(lni, Italy Antonio Vemucci, ItAly Robeno Viola, ESA Branko Yru:etic, Australia SESSIONS Sysfml architectures (1) SY81tm tJ,.drite~tuT~ (11) Propagation channel charocterizaticm and modellillg Mod~latitm and coding Mulnpl, access Ndwcrk and mobility management (1) Network and mobility management (II) Ka and EHF bands upJOitQtiOh BNsiness ands~rvict prolJl'sion (I) Business and s,rviceprovi.~ion (11) PANELS ReguiDtion: when do mobile 9Qtcoms go? Multimedia and mobility: are they compatibi~? WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS Published by Spr'i.nger Verl~, they will be aVailable.- at the workshop. WORKsHOP SECRETARlAT IstilUtO Internazionale delle Comunicazioni (lle) Via Pertinace - Villa Piaggio, 16125 Genova, Italy Phone: +39-10-2722383 Fax: +39-10-2722183 FURDIER INFORMATION For further infonnation, please, contact Professor Francesco V.a~aro UDiversita di RoUUl Tor Vcrgllta (technical) or Dr. Franco Bertoldi at nc (organization), or consult Internet: http://www.eln.utovrrn.itJ-pandisd/emps,htmJ COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istin::to Intemazionalc dell~ Comunicwoni Universiti di Roma Tot Veraata SPONSORED BY Associazione Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica ltaliana IEEE Communications S<Klicty @ +. I IEEE As8ocill2iooe Elet1rotecnica COMMUNICATIONS ~4 filcUcUDi<;iil Iwi.'mA IEIII! SOCIETY - - - ------------- 27-MAG-1996 16:29 DR Registration ~-------------------~-~-1 DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGRT A 0016196582500 P.03/12 I EMfS '96 Program EMPS '96 Technical Program October 8 h. 16.00 - 20.00 October 9 h. 9.00 - 10.00 Registration h. 10.00 - 10.30 Welcome messages h. 10.30 - 11.00 Invited lecmre A. J. Vlterbi "MAP DecOlUrs and Turbo Codes" h. 11.00 - 11.20 Coffee break h. 11.20 - 13.00 Session A - System architectures (I) Chainnan: Dr. M. Lopriore 1 ESA A1 R. D'Elia, R. Giubilei, G.GreJli, L. Miracapillo, T. SasS()jos~i '7M L-Band Land M()bile (LLM) Payload; Key Technt;Logies and Test Results" A2 A. Paraboni, F. Zaccarini 'iAntenna Patlern. Reconjiguration in 1M Future Direcl Broadcasting Sarellite at 22 Gllz" A3 F. Coromina, J. Ventura-Traveset, J-L. Corral, Y. Bonnaire, A. Dra\'et "New Highly Minialuriscd Mu/tibeam RF Beamjorming Networks/or Phased Array Antennas Using MMIC and Multilayer Technologits" A4 D.E. Campbell. F. Marconiccbio, A. Pullara "ITALSAT F2 and its EMS Payload/or Mobile Ccmmunicculons" h. 13.00 - 14.30 h. 14.30 - 16.10 Lunch Session B - Network and mobility management (I) Chairman: Prof. E. Del Re y Italy B1 J. Restrepo, G. Maral "Providing Appropriate Grades of Service to Fwd and Mobile Users in a Non-Geo Salellite-fzxcd Cell System" 82 W. Zhao, R. TafanoUi, B.G. Evans Of/mer-Network. Signalling Load Analysisfor GSM-Satcllilt! Ifllegralion" D3 F. Delli Priscoli "Mobility Issues/or a Geo Multi-Spot Satellite System with asp Capabilities" B4 R. Everett, L. White "'nteroperability between Mobile Satellite Services and Terrestrial CelluLar -- Opportunities and Challenges" h. 16.10 - 16.30 Coffee break h. 16.30 - 18.10 Session C -Propagation channel characterization and modelling Chairman~ Dr. E. Lutz, Germany C 1 M.A.N. Parks, S.R. Saunders, 8.G. Evans "Carrier To Mulnpalh Characterisation an.d Predictionfor Mobile Satellite Systems" C2 W.j. Vogel, G.W. Torrence. N. Kleiner "Measurttnent 0/Fropagation. Loss imo Cars on Satellite Palhs a: L·Band" C3 G. Benelli, E. Costamagna, L. Favalli, P. Gamba "Satellite Channels Modelled by Chaolfc BiJ Error Generators" C 4 R. Schweikert, P. Hoeher, T. Woerz, .1. Frank, R. GrosskQpf, R. Schramm. R. A. Harris "Digital Audit) Broadcasting (DAB) via .4rchimedes HEO-Sale/lilfs" .......----------------~~---=-=-~---I 27-MAG-1996 16:29 DR DIP. ING.ELET.TOR ~ERGATA A 0016196582500 P.04/2 EMPS '96 Program October 10 h. 8.30 - 10.10 Session D - System architectures (11) Chainuan: Prof. B, G. Evans, UK D1 G. Cbiassarini, E. Saggese, P. Tabacco, A. Vernucci "Design Aspects ofUsu Terminals for lhe Forecoming Demonstralions 0/ Mobile Systems Operating al SHFIEHF" D2 H. Sumino, T. Yamazato, M. Katayal1la~ A. Ogawa "The Receiver with an Adaptive Array Antenna and Satellite Diversity for Low Earth-orbital Multiple Satellite Communicalion Systems" D3 C. Ohucbi "Mobile and Personal Communications Wilh Japan's Experi~fltal Satellite Comets" D4 M. Lisi, G. Manoni "Pr(Hiuction and Ttsting ofActive Phi:lstd-Arrays For Low-OrbitMobi/efr~rsonal SatconlS (Title to be confirmcdY h. 10.10 - 10.30 Coffee break h.1 0.30 - 12.10 Session E -Network and mobility management (11) Chainnan; Prof. G. Maral, France E 1 E. Del Re, R. Fantac(i, G. Giambene "Hantiovt;r Requesl Queuing in Low Earth Orbit Mobile Salelll:e Systems" E2 M. Annoni, S. Bizzarri "A Simulation Environment for the Evaluation of Maintainability Strategies in Telecommunicalitm Networks Based On Satellite Constellation" £3 S. Anderson "GSM -Interoperable Mobile Satellite Call Processing Architecture" E4 B. Bjelajac "Dynamic Transct!ivcr, Carrier and Time-slo' Allocation Slralcgies[or FDMAI1DMA based Mobile SaltlJite Syslems" h. 12.10 - 13.30 Panel Session 1 -Multimedia and mobility: are they compatible? Chainnan: Prof. B. G. Evans, UK ? F. Huber ''integration ofsatelliu peNs into Terrestrial Networks and lhe Way Towards UMTS" h. 13.30 - 14.30 h.14.30 - 16.10 Lunch Session F - Modulation and coding Chainnan: Prof. E. Biglieri, Italy F 1 J. Wu, A. H. Aghvami "High Level Trellis Coding. Equalisation and Diversity for Mobift! CommunicalioflS" F 2 B. Melis, F. Muratore, G. Romano "Sludy on the Application of Turbo Codes in. a SaJellite System" F3 M. G. FrancoD t M. Bousquet "Analysis ofImprollerrr.ent Due 10 Interleaving for Dala on Over Mobile Satellite Channel with Trellis Coded Modulation Sysltm" F 4 S. Bellini "0,. the [nlerleaver Depth in Conccuenated Coding Schemes" h. 16.10 - 16.30 Coffee break h. 16.30 - 18.10 Session G - Multiple access Chairman: Dr. J. Shapira, Israel? Gl I. Kessler, E. Zehavi, F. Antonio. Ze'ev RoM "Power and Admission Control for Geostationary Salellite CDMA Networks" G2 M. Moher, L. Erup, R.C. Lyons "Imerjerenct Statistics/or MuJribeam Satellites" G3 G. E. Corazza, R. De Gaudenzi "Analysis ofa DS-CDMA Return Linkfor Mobile Satellite Communications" G4 R. Dc: Gaudenzi, F. Giannetti, M. Luise "Improving lh~ Capacity ofCDMA Mobile Satdlite Systems through the USt ofJnterfe"enc~-Rejection Techniquu" h. 20.30- Workshop dinner 2 27-MAG-1996 16:30 DR DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA A 0016196582500 P.05/12 EMPS '96 Program Session H • Ka and EHF bands explQitation Chairman: Prof. 1.0. GardineT 1 UK October 11 h. 8.30 - 10.10 HI A. Jabn~ E. Lut7.: "eMMel Measurements/or EHF-Band Land Mobile Satellite Systems" H2 H. Helmkeo, R. Henning "ACTS Ka-Bartd Propagation Measurements i.n Florida" H3 G. Losquadro "Satellite Multimedia Applica.tions through Compact Portable and Mobile Terminals" Hoi L. Borghino , S. Buonomo, L. D'Am2to, C. Molinari "Measuremenls andAnalysis on Ka Land Mobile Satellite Channel" Coffee break Session I - Business and Service Pr()yisi()ll (1) Chairnlan: Dr. G. Ben-etta, EUTELSAT? h.l0.10· 11.30 h. 10.30 - 12.10 11 G. Morganti "IRiDIUM Ifalia inside the S·PCS Programs" 12 P. Poskeu "The /CO System" 13 C. Curran 'The Integration ofPersonal Satellite Comnll~nications with Terrestrial Cellular: A Business Perspective" 14 L. Gasparollo 'The Globalslar System Complement o/Terrestrial Mobile Ntlworks" Panel Session 2 - Regulation: where do mobile satcoms go? Chainnan: Prof. G. Stette, Norway? R. G. GOUld "WRC-95 and its Effect on Mobile/Personal Sa/com.f' Paper from European Union h. 12.10 - 13.30 Lunch Session J - Business and Service Provision (II) Chainnan: Prof. F. AnanaSS0 1 Italy h. 13.30 - 14.30 h. 14.30 - 16.10 J 1 L. Vanderbrouck "EUTELTRACS - EUTELSATs Mobile Communication System Dedicated to The improvement of ProdUClivity ofEuropean. Fleet Operalors" J2 P. Nadkarni, J. Windolph "Status andD~yt'(JPm£n.t of the Iridium System -- Moving Rapidly Toward GLobal Wireless Service in 1988" J3 A. Brunstrom "N~lWO'kEvolution for Mobile Satellite Services" J 4 A. Pandolfi, M. Laurenti~ 1\-1. Sfor:ta "Nuova Telespazio in the IRIDIUM Program: Innovative Developments" ? 3 27-MRG-1996 16:30 .05-10-1996 11~38AM DR FROM DIP. NG.ELET.TOR VERGATR R TO 0016196582500 0113952020519 P.06/12 p.el TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS , 629 K Street, N.W.~ Suite 600 WashingtOn, D.C. 20005 (202) 223·444S • Fax: (202) 223-4450 E ..MaiJ: rgould@nas.edu VIA FACSIMILE; +39 6 2020'19 May 9, 1996 Profesore Francesco Vatalaro Departimento di Ingeqneria Elettronica Universita' deqli Studio ai Roma ~Tor Vergata" Via della Rleerca seien~ifi~a 00133 Roma Dear Prof. Vatalaro: It was gratifying to lear~ that my paper on WRC 95 and its effect on Mobile and pes satellite systems was accepted for presentation a~ your workshop. I will revise the paper to take account of tha comments =ade by ~e reviewers, and I will endeavor to sub=it c.m$ra-reaay copy by the May 31 deadline, althouqh that. p:ras.nts :me with some d.ifficulties. I think yOlJr proposal for a. Panel Session on regula'tory aspects is a good one; and I would like to offer so~e sU9Qestions for that session. First, both reviewers of my paper suqqested that I place emphasis on more or less the same topic: one referred to lithe tackling of very d.ifficult coord.ination probleu, II and the other to "sharing of bandwidth with other non-satellite-based services." If you have not already identified experts in that ar~a who might b@ invited to participate in the session, let me offer some names: Hr. David weinrich, comsat Laboratories, is now involved in the actual coordination of a mobile-satellite system with other systems and services (Phone: 301-428-4466, Fax: 428-9287). Mr. Jeffrey Binckes, also of the Comsat Laboratories, is likewise an expert on ooordination. At Inmarsat, Mr. Ram Manohar is a technical expert on coordination in the group of Mr. Donald Kennedy (Phone: +44 71 387 9089, Fax: 387 2115). At. ICO, the ne'W' Ironarsat sUbsidiary, Mr. Anselm J. sinqarajah is a technical expert on coordination. Sincerely, ~~ Richard G. Gould lB-MAG-1996 17:40 TOTAL P.21 P.61 27-MAG-1996 16:30 DA DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA A 0016196582500 P.07/12 Second European Workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms Aula Marconi, CNR, Rome, Italy October 09 - 11, 1996 Integration of Satellite peNs into Terrestrial Networks and the Way Towards UMTS Josef F. Huber Siemens AG, Munich 27-MAG-1996 16:31 A Seite - 1 - 0016196582500 P.08/12 The rapid growth of GSM networks worldwide leads to an international terrestrial network base comprising more than 200 GSM networks with personal communications functionality. In the year of 2000 probably 100 mio. GSM mobile subscribers will represent the GSM market place with continuing high growth rates. On the fixed network side there will be about 1 billion analogue and digital subscribers in public networks. In comparison, SAT-peNs with handheld type terminals will be operational in 1998/1999 at the earliest and will primarily offer voice and paging services. Already the first SAT-peN subscriber will have access to wireljne and wireless subscribers and can take advantage of automatic roaming with a huge GSM network base. if the same architecture and functionality is implemented in SAT-peNs as it exists today in GSM. In parallel to the development of first generation SAT-peNs work towards third generation terrestrial systems has been progressed in the RACE II program continuing in ACTS. The paper considers the integration of SAT-peNs into the terrestrial networks GSM, DeS 1800, PCS 1900 as well as into the fixed networks ISDN and PSTN. Roaming and numbering aspects as well as Intelligent Network issues are part of the contribution. The paper shows an integration path for SAT-peNs from a GSM platform towards UMTS. Radio system considerations show that SAT-PCNs are complementary to terrestrial systems and can be used either to enhance GSM's success for mixed high density - low density population areas or to complement the global terrestrial GSM services with global satellite services. Moreover, they can be applied for all services with personal addressing and roaming. In more detail the following topics will be discussed: • SAT-peN architectures in contrast to GSM • Interworking of SAT-peN with terrestrial wireline and wireless networks - the Gateway Switch • Combining SAT-peN with GSM using a common switching platform • Extended GSM with SAT-peN numbering and addressing aspects - role of the 81M card Author JosefF(~ H\lDer. Si9mons AG. ON MN I, TI)l : (oe~) 722044564. Orucl(Qillvm; 0503 1996 27-MAG-1996 16:31 A DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA A Seite - 2- 0016196582500 P.09/12 • Integration of radio zones - the way to UMTS • termina' reJated aspects. The discussions about FPLMTS, UMTS and UPT are indicating a number of problems that need to be reso'ved before it comes to future prOduct developments: radio and switch re'ated issues, numbering schemes, services, chip card mobility, security, terminaJ related issues. frequencies, regulatory items, type approval. The time schedule for the UMTS program wi1h target dates for a first operational system in the years beyond 2000 indicates that SAT-peNs need to be integrated into a UMTS scenario beg;nning in 2002. Radjo-broadband type SAT-peNs as e. g. Teledesjc w;th up to 2 MbiVs subscriber channels should be aligned with the UMTS development. which also targets for digital channels up to 2 Mbitls. Ilf l ' r J Awlor: Jo5Clf Franz. Huber, 6iemene AG, ON MN I. Tel.; (069} 722"'4~.D~um 05.00.199$ g:\vOl'1rMg\tome\umtll.aoo 27-MAG-1996 16:31 DA DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA A 0016196582500 P.10/12 Dynamic Transceiver, Carrier and Time-Slot Allocation Strategies for FDMAfTDMA based Mobile Satellite Systems Branko Bjelajac Aachen University of Technology. Dept. of Comntunication NetwcD;s. KopernikusstL 16. 52074 AacheD. Germany Phone: +449.241.80.7916. Fax: ++49.241.8888.242. E-Mail: bb@COll1l1ets.rwth-aachen.de EXTENDED SUMMARY 1 The demand for personal communications has led to research and development effortstowar~ a new generation of PCSs (Personal Communication Systems). Several MSSs (Mobile Satellite Systems) for personal commllnications like Iridium, Globalstar, Odyssey and ICO are being developed and. will be able to provide mobile services (Le. voice. data and paging) on world-wide bases. In the IJIst phase, MSSs will be a complementary component to terrestrial cellular networks like GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). LEO (Low Barth Orbit) and:MEO (Medium Earth Orbit) MSSs will provide mobile communication services in areas where terrestrial infrastructure is not available, and provide an additional layer of coverage in areas already covered by terrestrial mobile networks. Beyond 2000, an integration of these and future MSSs in UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) and FPLMTS (Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunica.tion System) is envisaged. In this paper, it has been assumed that the geographical area served by each mobile sa.tellite from a constellation of 66 LEO satellites in polar Earth orbits is divided into spot-beams (Le. 48 beams fed by three phased array antermas). Also it has been assumed that the limited frequency band allocated to this MSS is subdivided into frequency channels called carriers. Bach carrier is further subdivided into time slices called time-slots. In this so-called FDMA/TDMA (prequencyl Time Division Multiple Access) scheme each traffic channel corresponds to one time-slot provided on one carner. In order to increase the systems traffic capacity, frequency channels have to be reused in non adjacent spot-beams. As frequency planning on permanent bases like in GSM mobile networks is not possible in highly dynamic LEO MSSs, frequency channels have to be assigned to spot-beams dynamically. transceiver transceiver 2 transceiver 3 transceiver 4 • any slot • to any transceiver n transc. Variabte power divider any transc. to any a'ltenna • • Phased array antenna Fig.l Dynamic allocation of transceivers to spot beams 1The WQrlc presented in this paper is related to the areas network (radio resou,.ce) management and multiple acct!.~s - 1 - In order to allow dynamic allocation of one or more carriers to a spot-beam, a special satellite pay load architecture has been assumed (see Fig.l): • any transceiver could be adjusted to any frequency within the allocated frequency band; • any transceiver could feed any spot-beam, beca.use all transceivers are connected to the three antenna arrays via a variable power divider; the number of transceivers feeding one spot-beam is limited only by the number of different frequencies allocated to the MSS or the total number of transceivers per satellite. 27-MAG-1996 16:32 DA DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA R 0016196582500 P.l1/12 In this paper, two strategies for dynamic allocation of traffic channels based on the assumed FDMAfID~scheme will be presented and described: erR based DCA In mobile cellular networks, the eIR (Carrier-to-Interference Ratio) is a measure of link quality. As the up-link elR, CIR up , is independant from the down-link eIR] CIRdcwn, b~th eIRs have to be evaluated in order to establish a high quality link between a mobile and a satellite. CIRup's are evaluated at each satellite, whereas CIRdown'S are evaluated at each mobile terminal separately. With CIR based DCA, the basic idea is to allocate the time-slot that maximises the minimum eIR on both, up-link and down-link, taking into account the co-channel interference of all visible mobile termina.ls or mobile satellites [1][2]. In Fig.2, an example of a possible time-slot, carrier and transceiver allocation is given, Two calls are served in spot-beam sb, one using time-slot 3 on frequency channel 2 (transceiver 1), the other using time-slot 4 on frequency channelS (transceiver 2). These traffic channels have been assigned based on the maxmin-criterion without any restrictions concerning the number of transceivers needed. Variable p.,wer' divider spot sb ~---<J t ransce iver f2~ slot $ $lot S slot 4 slot 3 slot 2 510t 1 -+-+-+--f_allocated slot --J----L.-.l.-----Iliblind 51at 12345 ···f frequency Fig.2 CIR based DCA: two slots assigned on two different frequency channels in one spot MrS (Minimum npmbf'J' of Transceiyers per Spot-beam) DCA In terrestrial mobile networks, the most significant performance measures are tra.ffic capacity (carried traffic vs- offered traffic), call blocking probabilities and call dropping probabilities. Additionally, in MSSs the power consumption of a satellite implied by the number of active transceivers is a limiting factor and needs to be minimised. With MTS .. DCA" the basic idea is to allocate the time-slot that maximises the minimum eIR choosing only between free slots (so--called blind slots) on carriers already assigned to the respective spot-beam (MTS-DCA new rime-slot allocation). In case no connection has been establi.5hed in the given spot-beam so far, one of the available transceivers will be assigned to the spot-beam (MTS DCA new transceiver allocation). The transceiver will be adjusted to the frequency defmed by the maxmin-criterion (see CiR based DCA) and the best time-slot will be a~signed. If a call terminates, time-slots assigned to other calls will be reallocated if all connections could be provided by less transceivers than in the current situation (MrS--DCA transceiver re-allocation). ' - 2 ~ 27-MAG-1996 16:32 DA DIP. ING.ELET.TOR VERGATA A 0016196582500 P.12/12 The objective with MTS-DCA is to minimise the number of active transceivers per satellite and thus to decrease the power consumption of the satellite. In the example given in Fig.3, the re allocation of time-slots results in a less power consuming situation: only one transceiver is needed instead of two (see Fig.2). spot sb t ranscei ver --1f2ITIITI ... IJH -f5~ Variable power divider slot s ~-+--+-_ slot 5 l---i-+--+-_ 51 ot 4 +---t--+--+-- sl at 3 r--t-+--t-~ 51at 2 I--t--+-+- slot 1 ~---'---'-- ----+--+--+---+.allocated sl at __--'---'---'1mblind sf ot 1 2 3 4 5 f frequency Fi~.3 FDMA/TDMA with slot reallocation: two slots assijned on one frequency ehannels The performance of the new developed DCA schemes has been evalua.ted by simulations and compared using the in-house developed system simulator MoSSS (Mobile Satellite System Simulator) regarding traffic capacity, blocking and dropping probabilities. and the number of required tJ:ansceivers. In the last section of the paper, conclusions will be reached based on these simulation re,sults, and advantages and disadvantages of CIR based DCA and MTS·DCA will be highlighted. REFERENCES [1] B. Bjelajac, "em based Dynamic Channel Allocation Schemes and Handover Strategies for Mobile Satellite Systems", 1995 IEEE Wireless Commun Sys. Symp. "Wireless Trends in 21st Century", Smithtown, New York, pp.l03-108, Nov 95 [2] B. Bjelajac, "em based Dynamic Channel Allocation Schemes and Handover Prioritisation for Mobile Satellite Systems'\ IEEE yrc'96 "the Human Race", Atlanta, GA, USA, Apr 96 BIOGRAPHY Branko Bjelajac was born in Belgrade, Yugosla.via, on July 6, 1969. He received the Dipl.-Ing. in electrical engineering from the University of Belgrade in 1993, where he studied "Electronics and Telecommunications". Mr. Bjelajac has been a research assistant with Communication Networks, Aachen University of Technology. Germany, since 1993, where he is involved in the courl>e "Communication Networks and Traffic Theory" and supervising various diploma theses. Mr. Bjelajac is member of the SAINT project-group (RACE II - Satellite Integration in Future Mobile Networks) and the VASCO project-group (TELEMATICS - Validation of Dedica.ted Short Range Communications), both funded by the European Union, where he is responsible for several research, development and manaaement activities. He has been nominated by the German Ministry of Post and Telecommunications to be member of the Management Committee of COST 255 "Radio wave Propagation Modelling for New SatCorn Services at Ku-band and Above"_ In COST 255. he is working actively in the area of "Design and Planning of Telecom Systems with an Integrated Satellite Segment'· . Working on his Dr.-Ing. thesis he is investigating mobile satellite system concepts, satellite integration in second (Le. GSM) and Ulird generation mobile networks (i.e. UMTS), and radio resource management approaches for capacity optimisation of integrated mobile networks. His research work includes stochastic simulation methods for perfonnance evaluation and traffic theory. :Mr. Bjelajac is student member of the IEEE, Engineering :Management Society, and the VDE, Infonnation Technology Society. -3- TOTALE P.12 r TORVERGATA OIPARTIMENTO 01 INGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA UNIVERSITA' DEGLI STUDI 01 ROMA "TOR VERGATA" Via della Ricerca Scientifica - 00133 ROMA Dr. Andrew 1. Viterbi Vice Chainnan, Chief Technical Officer Qualcomm Inc. 6455 Lusk Blvd. San Diego, CA 92121-2779 USA Roma, May 2, 1996 SUBJECT: Second European workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcorns (EMPS'96) Dear Andrew, during the EMPS'96 Workshop Steering Committee meeting, on last April 24, the proposal I made to have the workshop introductory paper provided by you was enthusiastically accepted. Therefore, I am attaching to this letter the complete "package" that we are sending to all the authors of accepted papers, in case you decide to provide a written contribution. Needless to say, I will be extremely pleased if you may honour us with your point of view also included in the workshop proceedings! (Please, note the deadline of May 31.) .- » In the next days you will also receive the WSC minutes of meeting. I apologize for not having been able to send them more quickly, but I preferred to give priority to the acceptance letters to the authors. I hope you may understand. Thank you for you kind assistance. Best regards. Sincerely Yours, CODICE FISCALE 80213750583 P.lva 02133971008 '4 TEL. + 39 6 725944B1" FAX + 39 6 2020519 S cond European work hop on Mobile/Personal Satcom AlllaMarconi~~me~b= October 9-11, 1996 c/o PT Ministry, Viale Europa, Roma EUR Roma, April 29, 1996 To: Mr. Andrew J. Viterbi Dear Author, Co- ponsored: @ Associazione Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica ltaliana • IEEE - --- === --- - - --- === ===:::;; IEEE COMMUNICAnONS SOCIETY also on behalf of the Workshop Steering Committee (WSC), I am pleased to inform you that the following: PAPER: AUTHORS: Andrew J. Viterbi TITLE: has been accepted for presentation at the Second European Workshop on Mobile / Personal Satcoms (EMPS '96). I wish to remind you that the deadline for reception of the final camera ready paper is May 31, 1996. Please, take note that due to time contraints in the proceedings preparation it is EXTREMELY important that you respect the above deadline. Please find attached copy of the instructions for authors. The paper must be sent to the following address: Springer-Verlag London Sweetapple House, Catteshall Road, Goldarning, Surrey, GU7 3D] UK Att. : Mr. Cristopher Greenwell I will appreciate if you may also copy your final manuscript to me. Attached to this letter please find the comments provided by the reviewers: we will be pleased if you may take them into consideration. Please, take note also of the additional comments provided by the WSC (if any): Also attached you find the instruction for paper presentation. In case of further clarifications, please, do not hesitate to contact me. Looking forward to meeting you in Rome on next October. Bestreg~AAJ~~ Francesco Vatalaro Co-chairmen: Professor FulvioAnanasso, Nuova Telespazio, Via Tiburtina, 965 - 00156 Roma, Italy Phone: +39-640793428 Fax: +39-640793624 Professor Francesco Valalaro, Universita di Roma "Tor Vergata" - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica - Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00] 33 Roma, Italy Phone: +39-6-72594464 Fax: +39-62020519 Workshop secretariat: . . lstituto Internazionale delle Comunicazioni, Via Pertinace - Villa Piaggio, 16] 25 Genova, Italy - Phone: +39-10-2722383 Fax: +39-10-2722183 04/04 '96 TO 08: 3 FAX +358 0 176015 NCKIA~ LINDEN Sl'TELA TELEFAX MESSAGE ~OOl Technology Etelaesplanadi 12, FtN-00130 HELSINKI, Finiand P.D.Box 226, FIN-00101 HELSINK1, Finland Date: 4 April, 1996 No. of pages: I To· Co;"pany: Fax: Ccto: From: Fax: Phone: Internet: Dear Andy, Dr. Andrew J. Viterbi, Chief Technical Officer QUALCOMM +1-619-658 2500 Kaj G. Linden +358 0176015 +358 0 180 7553 kaj.linden@nokia.com On behalf of URSI I IEEE liRe and Executive Board of Institute of Radio Communication ORe) at Helsinki University of Technology I have the pleasure and privitege to invite You tc speak as a Key... note Speaker on the next Convention on Radio Science which will be held on 2-3 October, 96 In Helsinki. The seminar is celebrating its 21st anniversary and it will get audience from all over the world. The following topics are highUghted: . • Radio Communications • Electromagnetic Theory • Remote Sensing • Radio Astronomy The organizing committee would give you the freedom to choose the topic and the title of your presentation. We would appreciate your early indication on whether you would accept the invitatIon or not. We understand that You receive many invitations and for practical reasons You can not accept all of those. with Best Regards, Jd7 ~~den Senior Vice President, Technology ---------------------~~ Second European workshop on MobilelPersonal Satcoms (EMPS'96) October 9-11, 1996, Rome, Italy First Announcement and Call for Papers SCOPE The Second European workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms (EMPS'96) aims at continuing to promote interactions between experts in this fast-moving field. At the time of EMPS'96, some GEO land mobile/personal systems will have assessed operational experience (e.g. INMARSAT, EUTELSAT, OPTUS, AMSC, M-SAT, etc.), other experimental systems will be in operation (e.g. ACTS, EMS), and other non-GEO systems will be at an advanced stage of development (e.g. GLOBALSTAR, IRIDIUM). It may be easily anticipated that even more advanced concepts, e.g. at frequencies higher than L-band or for multimedia systems, will be further developed. Following its successful first edition, the EMPS workshop will regularly continue to be held every other year, alternating with the European Personal and Mobile Communications Conference (EPMCC). You are kindly invited to submit original papers addressing topics of interest for presentation at EMPS'96 and for publication in the workshop proceedings. Submissions should be in-depth technical papers describing significant results in the areas of mobile and personal satellite communications. SPONSORED BY Associazione Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica Italiana IEEE Region 8, IEEE Communications Society http://www.eln.utovrm.it/-pandisci/emps.html SCHEDULE Extended summary (-1500 words): February 28, 1996 Notification of acceptance: April 30, 1996 Full paper camera ready copy: May 31,1996 WORKSHOP SECRETARIAT Istituto Internazionale delle Comunicazioni (nC) Via Pertinace - Villa Piaggio, 16125 Genova, Italy Phone: +39-10-2722383 Fax: +39-10-2722183 FURTHER INFORMATION For further information, please, contact Professor Francesco Vatalaro at Universita di Roma Tor Vergata (technical) or Dr. Franco Bertoldi at IIC (organization), or consult Internet: fotJ~ Ci~~ C40f;) t-7J-5' S f% )r,U \i 7tl{:~o/J SUBMISSION GUIDELINES Please, mail five copies of the extended summary of an original paper to the attention of: Professor Francesco Vatalaro Universita di Roma Tor Vergata Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy Phone: +39-6-7259-4464 Fax: +39-6-2020519 e-mail: Vatalaro@tovyxl.ccd.utovrm.it Please, indicate author(s) name(s) and affiliation(s), postal address, phone and fax numbers (and, optionally, e-mail) of the author to whom all correspondence will be sent. Please, designate the subject area to which the paper is most closely related. An accepted paper will be in English and should not exceed 5000 words. It will include an abstract of approximately 100 words. Gi') IEEE • Associazione Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica Italiana @ HONORARY CHAIRMAN Andrew J. Viterbi, QUALCOMM Inc., USA WORKSHOP STEERING COMMITTEE Fulvio Ananasso (workshop co-chairman) Nuova Telespazio, Italy Francesco Vatalaro (workshop co-chairman) Universita di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy Antonio Cavallaro, CSELT, Italy Barry G. Evans, University of Surrey, UK Mario Lopriore, ESA, The Netherlands Erich Lutz, DLR, Germany Gerard Maral, ENST, France Claudio Mastracci, Alenia Spazio, and IIC, Italy SUBJECT AREAS Satellite system architectures Propagation channel characterization and modelling On-board antennas Transponder technologies Mobile terminals Hub stations Applications of DSP techniques Modulation coding, and multiple access Network and mobility management aspects Ka band and EHF system concepts Multimedia applications Integration with terrestrial systems Experimental systems Operational experience with existing systems Market analyses Economics of mobile/personal satcoms Regulatory and service aspects COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto Intemazionale delle Comunicazioni Universita di Roma Tor Vergata Facsi"1'nile DATE: TO: FROlVI: Tra "LS nz. i -t-t:a 1 Jan-u.ary 16,. :1.996 Tony Navarra Andre""," Viterbi 6455 Luslc H.1vd. San. Diego, CA 9212:1.-:1.6:1.'7 FAXNU~BER: (4.08) 473-5548 Nu.rn.ber ofPase~ Sen.t: 2. _I»A.GES (i:n.clu.dlng this trarunn.ittal coV'er~heet) Special I:n.st'ructio:ns: THIS~ESSA E IS INTENDED ON''L'Y FOR T.E-IB USE OF THE INDIVIDUAL TC> ~O~ IT IS ADD.K.ESSEI>.AND CONTAINS INFORl'dATIO.N~AT IS PR.IVILE<~EL""J" CONFIDENTIAL ANDEX~P'TFROJ.VI DISCLOSURE UNDER APPLIC.A..BLE LA'-'Y. I.£ th.e reader oE thi. Ine.sage is not the in.tended recipielRt,. or th. en-aployee or a8"'~t re.'po~.ible £01(" delive..ios lb. ~e88age to the ilRtended recipieJnt, you are hereby Y'oti:fied that an.y dlllu!Je~llRation,.~9trib'Utfooor copying o£ thi9 c:oKn.~u.nlc.tiurw.ilS strictly p ..ohiblted_ 1:£ you have received this c:cnn~unica.tionin. errur, please noti*y u. i:ft'~edia.tel . Th.:n.k ou t (619) 685-481'1(Vo:lce) (6'.1..9) 658-2500 (FAX) I TRANSl'drTT'ED BY': I DATE: L ~ T~~E:____ aDJ I 1>01- ---- TRANSMISSION REPORT THIS DOCUMENT WAS CONFIRMED (REDUCED SAMPLE ABOVE SEE DETAILS BELOW) ** COlINT ** TOTAL PAGES SCANNED TOTAL PAGES CO FIRMED *** SE D *** 2 2 10. REMOTE STATIO I START Tl:vtE DLRATIO #PAGES MODE RESl.'LTS 1 408 473 S548 I-1G-96 5:00P~ 1'02" 2/ 2 EC COMPLETED 14400 TOTAL 0: 01 '02" 2 laTE: 1 0 . OPERAT I. ON NUMBER 4·8 PO POLLED ~y REMOTE SF MB : SE '0 TO ~ILBOX PG 4800BPS SELECTED EC STORE & FORWARD Rl POLL I G l\ REMOTE' MP ERROR CORRECT RELAY 1 'I TI ATE M'LTl-POLLltIG G2 RS RM G2 COMML' I CAT I 0 I RELAY STATIO RECEI E TO MEMORY DA : F. VATALARO N.TELEFONO 057259 4454 P01 TELEFAX MESSAGE --------------------_ _ . I ', DIPARTIMENTO OIINGEGNERIA ELfTTRONICA . ,: ,,·IVERSITA- DE6LI STUDI DI ROHA TOR YER6ATA ~. Yle d.lle Rlc.rca Sctent1f1cD - 00133 RonA I. -----------------~~-----_ . TO: SEE DI~IIHJTlON LIST IN. Cl pap <JICIUdiy WI): 2 FROM: Prof. FmnceS(~o Valahtro Phone: +J9-6-7259-4464 Telefax: +39-t)-2020~14 e-mail: Valalam(t);ILovvxl.<..n1.ulovrm ..t [Roma, August 2, 1995 .,' r-----...-~------------------ .... SUBJECT:: Ja luopean Work8hop on Mobile I Personal Satcon,,, ......,,), OctolMr '·11 It96 t ROBle, ltal ......-oIIl...-----------------------.--- . plaillJCl(lconfum thI& the second EMPS will be held a.~ follows: • CNR, Piazule Aldo Moret Roma, Italy to 1111(111996 (tine days) PI , the previously announced work<np date has been postpnnt--...l of <.~xadl)' one week. I wilh to... all d f.ou for having accepted to participalc in the worksho~) Steering CommiUlrle. the Sclc:nlific COO1miu.ee will be 3S8embJcd soon: I wi11 he glad to receive indicabcmr_ you al potential members to be C()lJ.tactcd. EMPS'96 wit be co-tpOdIIOI'ed as indicated in the attaehcJ Call jur PClper~. iEEE appn )Val is pendins.~ it mIl8t likdy to be received. You will receive soun oopics of the Call for Papers fori,,-.. in your Organ17aUon. As a1.NIdy dtac Jut year, it would be opportune to have some cooperating organi/.ations tim may ail- 1eIVi~ aDJIor fiDalllcial support. W'e will be glad lo recei vc your suBF"*'t-........ youapin for your kind and very apprcdalcd COOpc.futjon. Beat reprdI. Dr. AIIdnw .J, VlterlJl. QUALC01YlM Inc. Prof.•uI~"t •••••"0. Nuova TeJespa1jo Dr. A.IoIM:~""I'O,CSELT Prof. Barry ~. It..... UnivtrBity of Surrey Dr. Mario ~.riDn, FSAIESTEC Dr. Irk..~ DLR Prof. Gfnr.t ......., ENST Dr.~ tMss1neel, Alenia '0 (X)1-619-65H~5<.x.) 06-4079-3624 011-22H7()56 <Xl44-48) 259504 003 I -1719-85431 0049-8153-281442 OOJ3-62-1729R9 06-4190773 DA F. UATR ARO N.TELEFONO 06 7259 4464 P02 -----------------------------_ _ .. Second European workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms (EMPS~96) October 9-11, 1996, Rome, Italy First Announcement and Call for Papers SCOPE The Secowl EuropIIIl wmbhop on MobilcIPmoul Satcorns (EMPS'96) ~im:-: ~ll L:Ont lUlli l1 j;; til 11IUIIIII!L' llltl:!i1dil"lIIS hl~tweell experts in thit fut.mo1liDl field, At the time ofEMPS'96, some GEO land mohilelpersonnl ~yslem!> will have aSj;~s~cd opemlional experieDce (e.g. INMAJtS.AT, EUIELSAT. OPTUS, AMSC, M-SAT, etc.), other cxpcrimCllltll ~yslcm" will h(~ in operation (e.g. ACTS. EMS), _ ok noo--GEO syBtems will be at an advaw.:cd IIIJ1KC: of dl,:v":}Il)lrcu:llt (e·B (;I.()BAI.STAI~. IIHJ)lllM). It may be tINily qticipatat ¥ ... more IldVlIIlCed cmu;epts, ~.g. lit frequencies higher th'111 T .-I).''lJ)d or for nmltim.::ciia "y~tem~. will he further••loped. . FoUowiDa its t\JCQCII~ tint cciition. the EMPS workshop will regularly continu~ to be hdd cwry olhl:l" y~r. .:\lt~malill~ with the ~uropeMD PCIIClIDal mdiMobile Communications Conference (EPMCC). You are kiDdly iDvi1ed:to submit on,inaJ pap:n a44ressiil8 topic!; of interefrt for presentation at FMPS'lI(, and tor puhlic.ation in the workshop~•. S.m.niuionll Mould be in-depth technical pilpens dcS(;ribing SigIlific(ulI rcsuhs in lhl: areas of mobile and penanaI Mtdite ~.=u'lajQltiDD8. HONOIUIlY CBA....N AnJI'ftWJ. Viurit, QUALCOMM IDe.• USA WORKSHOPS~G COMMITTEE Fulvio Aa2ntJ.uo (warJdihop a>chainnan) Noon Telapuio. Italy Frunc~lCo VdArb'o(~co-cbaiIman) Univcnita di R.oma Tet: Vc:qlta, Italy Antonio CfIlIQl/Q"" CSELT, Italy Brmy G. Bwmot. Univcnity of Surrey, UK Mario LDprfOlW. EM. }beN~lands Erich lAtz, DLR. GmQIny G,rrmiMmol, ENST. rraDQC Clowlio M4It1'rIct/.~a Spezio, and ne, Italy SVBJBCT AREAS Satellite systml~tst\nI Propagation dwmcl cbaracaerization and modelling On-bolr<lIZl.tc:lmM T~ftJCbaol~ Mobile taminal' ' Hub statioal Applieatioa.t C)f DSP tflIbm.ques MDd.uJatioll~. lid multiple~s Network Gi mobility "'pmerU aspects K. buJd mlBHF 'Y"~ Mulu.m.dia applicMi.... Intqration with unellC'W systems 1 !X)WimentAt sytItemI OpcmtiOlUllcxpai~ with existing~s Martel IDIlYlft Eoooomi.c3ofmobi~ IAU:Om8 RcsuIatoty aQd~:Mpecb COO'UATING OIGANlZAnONS ConaiglioNazioAal~.~ I!lt.ilulo lnta1IaziOlllll. t:ue Comunicazioni 1Jniversfti di Roma T,* V....ta SCHEDtJLE Extt."I1dcd SUJlUrl./u-y t· 15110 words). Ft!brultJ)' 28, 19% NoliticalHm or nIXel'ta m:i!, April 30, 1996 Full paper CWnCTl'l n;ady copy Ma)' 31, 1996 SUBMISSION GUIDEUNF,S Plea~., mfli1 tiv~ l;"ll)ic:;; (If the I::xtl.:llllCil Sl1mJlIIlJ)' of ltn oriilllal P<1Per \.0 the attention of: Prolcs!lor Frun("'~~I'(J VltlulllTO lJlIiveTsitu. di \(Ollll1 TO! V~Ig,;Jl;1 Dipartimcntu di Tllgq~1 aia mdtTl~lIiLa Via (~llH Ril;I.~TCIl ~kil.~nliliul .. 001 n RllIllU. Til-tTy Phone: "'W-n-725 1 )-4464 J'1l1l:, +11)-fl-~O~()511) e-mail: VatilllJt'(I(~)ftWh1 l.t.:d,llloVllllit Plelt."le, imliL:,JlL: authm(s) T1'llTH':{S) IltILl 1Illililllicm(s), poshl1 address, phone and lax nllmlx~f~ (alld. 0lltiollillly, c::-ulail) uf the But.hor TO whmn nil c.()t'rc~I)l'lIIflcmL: will he ~nl PJcn~~, dcsigwlk Ihl,: subjl,.,\:l 1lI~~1l II.) whi 'h 'hi: pll~ll:r is most closely n:]likc.l, An a.cccptcd paper will he ill English anti should JI()l exceed 5000 words fl will ind\llk an nh~rild nf ;ll)j)lll'xiTlliltdy 100 words. WORKSHOP SE(:RETARIAT Jfrtituto Illtern:ll.iol1ak delle Comllnic.''IIionl (1lC) Via P(.~r1in!K(~· VilJll Pitlg~i(l. 16125 Genova, lIi1ly PhOUe: 111J-lll-]T17.1~1 F;Il( i 19-10-2722HO FURTHER INFORMATION FOf tiuthCl iufullIliJtioll, 111ei1~~, WlIlild PIOIl:~sOJ FruJlccscr,l Vatalaro at Univcrsit~ di Roma Tor Vcrgata (technical) or Dr. FnUKO Ikrloldi tit TIC (orgalliz~ti()lI), or consult Intcmd: http://www.dnlllC)vnll.itl-ptU1<.1i.~(l/cmp .. html SPONSOIUD BY A.Mociuione Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica Italiana IBEE Repon 8, IEEE CoulDumications Society + 1111111 I IEEE CO..uJNICAlIONS SOCIETY L _ Dfi : F. VATfil..ARO N. TELEFONO 06 7259 4464 P01 TElEFAX MESSAGE lIJ DIPARTIMENTO DIINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA . UNIVERSITA e DEGLI STUDI 01 RONA TOR YERGATA Yla della R1cerca Sc1entific8 - 00133 ROI1A -..nlT. ITO: Dr. AndMw 1. Viterbi QUALCOMM Inc. USA Telefax: 001-619·6S8-2~OO lB. Ofpam' (iftCl1Jdins mas): 1 M: Prof. Frances,:o Vatalanl Phone: +39·6~7259-4464 Telefax: +39-6-2020519 e-mail;Valalaro@tovvxl.ccd.lltovrm.it IROnlA, July 1J. 1995 ISUBJEC'!1: s§i1d European workshop on Mo6i1elPenronal Satcoms Dear Dr. ViIerbi: I receive with ll'Cat pleasure your fax of July to, J995, and I wish to thank you very much for ,our kind availability to participate in EMPS ·96. Unfortunately, as you assumed, I did not receive your earlier faxes. Please. naco that since the time of my letter dated May 9. 1995 we slightly rearranged the structure of the worksnop, so that we have a Steering Committee and we will have an International Scientific Committee. Therefore, I hope that you may accept the role of BODOtIt)' Chairman ofEMPS'96. I will timely take you informed of the activities of lhe Saeering Ommittee SO that you may decide, if you wish, to p,nticipat~ and ,hair it. In any case. I hope to see you in Rome in October 1996! Best regards. Sincerely yours. 6455 Lusk Blvd. San Diego. California 92121·2779 0 (619) 587·1121 0 Fax: (619) 658·2500 July 7, 1995 Via Facsimile: 39-6-202-0519 Professor Francesco Vatalaro Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita Degli Studi Di Roma (Tor Vergata) Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma Italy Dear Professor Vatalaro: Upon returning home, I reviewed your earlier correspondence of 9 May and my reply of 24 May. I also received your more recent Telefax of 21 June. In case you did not receive my Fax of 24 May, I am re-sending it herewith. I look forward to participation in your Workshop in October of 1996. Andrew J.. 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RECEIVE TO MEMORY 6455 Lusk Blvd, San Diego, California 92121-2779 0 (619) 587-1121 0 Fax: (619) 658-2500 May 24,1995 Via Facsimile: 39-6-202-0519 Professor Francesco Vatalaro Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita Degli Studi Di Roma (Tor Vergata) Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma Italy Dear Professor Vatalaro: Thank you for sending me the proceedings of your first European Workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms, and also for the invitation to chair your Technical Program Committee. I accept your invitation with the understanding that the Committee's work will be done by mail and my role will not be very time consuming, since I am presently overloaded with other commitments. It hopefully also should give me the opportunity to visit Rome In October 1996, which is always a pleasure. Sinc~t ly, ~ jI~r7 Ai1drew J. Viterbi Chief Technical Officer AJV/dc DA F. V TALARO N. TELEFONO 06 7259 4464 P01 TELEFAX MESSAGE OIPARTIMENTO DIINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA UNIVERSITA" DEGLI STUDI 01 ROMATOR VERGATA Vie della RtcercG ScienlificD - 00133 R.OMA ....,.fA L-__------------------.-....- SEE DISrRmuTloN LIST ~ Dr. A~Jr(.w "S, Y~'t(ILb \.. GIA4lC4'W\ 'Ww' ; oot-, 4g 'Sf 2/iOo ~N. oli>aii (LiCIUdlii, ibis): 4 R : Prof. Frances\:o Vatalaro Phone: +39-6-7259-4464 T~lefaA. +39·6-2020519 e-mail: Vatalaro@tovvxI.cOO.ulovnn.it ~ June 19, 1995 SUBJECT: U'S. I amp~ to infonn you that, according to earlier a&reemenls, the second EMPS will be tenwt\;ely held as follows: The workshop could be structured in sessions, jncluding a few invited paper (e.g. one per day or one per session, etc.) and a number of called-for papers. As wa!i last year, a coupleof~ndtables will be also organized. A first draft of the call for papers is attached. Please, nt-I.e that the call for papers should be ready for publication within end of July 1995, Acoon:Jna to the sliahtly modified structure of the workshop with respect to EMPS'94, it seems 11) me that having a Steering Committee (gene.ral and organization tasks) and a Scientific Committee (tasks related to papers/speakers selection) would he more efficient than a sinlle Technical Program Committee (as was last year). Please, let me know if you pMer to Ie included in the fonner and/or in the lauer. I will be glad to extend participation to the Scientific Commitee, and to receive indications from you of potential addItional members.to be contacted. The structure of the Scientific Committe.e should be preferably esaablishcd early next year. Please. take note of this in making your suggestions. Your co".".,nu on the call for papers and your iluention to participate in the Steering Committlt are gratefully acknowledged soon, and possibly wilma nexT July 1.5. EMPS:)96 could be co-sponsored by: IEEE COlnSoc and Region 8, Italian CNR (contaeta·ue onJoins with both), lie - Istituto Internazionalc delle Comunicazioni, and Universi. di Rama Tor Vergata. Please, let me k.now if you suggest .tny other (no-profit) ot,anizadDn as additional co-sponsors (e.g. lEE, ETSI, EEC, etc.), As alrtady done last year, it would be opportune to have some other (for-profit) cooperating organizations that may offer services and/or financial support Suggestions on , I 4 I J J DR ; F. ~)ATAI ARIl N.TFI FFn n ; ~h 7?~9 44n PPI? 2 those to be contacted will be sincerely appreciated. Contributorsh;ponsors of last year will be eontaelled with a separate letter (ESA. Telespazio, Alcilia Spatio. etc.). Please, feel free to give any other suggestion. Thank you for your kind cooperation. Bcst~PJds. Sincerely yours. Prof. Fulyio Ananasso, Nuova Telespazio, Roma Prof. Ezi~ Blglleri, Politecnico di Torino Prof. Enft~ Del Ret UniversitA eli Firenze Prof. Bun G. Evans, University of Surrey Dr. Man, Lopriore, Dr. Roger Rogard, ESA/ESTEC Dr. Erie'" Lutz, DLR. Wes.sling Prof. G&tard Maral, ENST. Toulouse Dr. Pitt.., Porzio Giusto, Telecom Ita1ia. Roma Prof. Guitlo Tartara, Politeenico di Milano Dr. Fe.tloo Tosco, CSELT t Torino Prof.'r~o Valdonl, UnivcrsitA di Roma Tor Vcrguta Mr. Paul·~erlloet. CEC-EHC Bruxelles 06-4079-3624 011-5644099 055-494569 ()()44t483-259504 0031-1719-85431 0049-8153-281442 0033-62-172989 06-36883203 02-23993.4·13 011-2285 520 06-2020519· 00322-296-8395 oft ~.! lYV\o '2, w"," d' !tv. (t ewta_+~\fl ) L---- ~ - - - - Dn vnTnLn 0 N. TEL ~IO 0 725 4464 P03 Second Europcw.Il wOl'lshop on Mobl1r.J"~r...nn(l' ~1t1r.orn~ (EMPS'96) October 2-4, 1996, Roane, Italy First Announcement and Call for Papers SCOPE 'n,e seDaM. ~Ul'QpelW. Wor.oMp otl ""nh l"".rannal ~lltcnm~ <P.MfJ~01j6~ IlIUUi III l'IJJllIIl ... 11l1I: i\J ~11~1I1111lr. w-ecti.0IY.~ .partI ift thiJ fut-lIluviq field. Ai lhe tim. of EMPS 096. e;omc GEO land mohihdpenon-al aylWlll wlU operalktnAd experience <c••. INMARSA'f. BlrrBU;jAIJ" O"'I'U!~. AMaC. M 9AT. "L....). va... _ .....~ ., :n l,... ~. "'.........t.:.,•• (~.,. AOTt. nut), &lui ,.u..~. f1~f1 CGO Il'yLJ~IoI"'J1 ",.11 -"(1 at AlA Idvm::odI" of dcvclupmcmt (e.a. OLOBALSTAR. IRIDIUM), It may be cuily .nti~lplttcc1 tha.t even more Idnnced~, e.•. at ftequenci'J hiaher &hm L-bMd or for multimedia syslcms, will he further developed, FollowinIUl fint WlGelfulldif.ion. Uw liMPS worbhop will Tegularly continue to be held every oilier yeti, .ttMNlinl __ 1M B'IU'I:JPMD Per.onal lind Mobile Communicationfi Conference (EPMCC). You .. iIm.*l to submit oriainal J)Ipotfa Iddra.inl topics of intereit for presenl~lioTJ NI EMPS'96 and for ~Iti.aa _,1ha worbhop proc«diqa. SubntitaioM lh.:mlt1 M iTH'I'luh tM:hnir.nl pll[H".n; rl,.sr.rlhln,e lIIignlllc.:llnl reNItCh lind..~ fMultl in the meal of mobile and personal sal£.llilc commIlTlic:lllinns. SPONIORS IBBE~ Society .,d IBEE Reaion 8 IaiIllCO 1ft dIIUI Comunieazkmi (DC) UniYlnill eli Tor V_,m WOR~SRO' STEERING COMMITTEE Prof. PulYio "'-u1O. Nuovi TeleipWO. Italy (co~h.itman) Prof.~ VldIllrO o Univmitl di lorna Tor Vera... Italy (co~hajrlllan) Dr. Giovanni B. CorllZZa, Univenitl di Roma Tor Verlata. Italy (~ecrelar)') TKCHNIC4 IUBJECf AREAS Sueltile~ II'CdUIectw"J Plvpap_ 11 dllrKt.arization IlIId modellin, OIl·bNnl...... Tr.ipCIDCW ·MeboloaieJ M()~ tn:Unab Hub ,WJOU ~jc"IOGf ef DSP tedmiquu ModulaIim.. aodiD& Multiple .... NMwart _,mobiUty mIMIement upecu Ka bIad IIId... lyMn COJIgIJXI Multimedia -.ueationa IAtep.doD • WNlcrial 'Y1IUmJ Bx,.;m.. IYIamI Operllicmal~ with eliltm. Iy.ternl Rep1MoIy..~ UJ*V SCREDVLI P\alllll~ February 13, 1996 ~c.nc. ~lion: April 30. 1996 CII1Yn rail, copy. June 1~, 1996 DA F. VATHLARO N. TELEFO~jO 06 7259 4464 P04 4 SVDOI8IOM g·\JIDKUNES PJ.uM. lUll IN -IJIlM*i copiel of on.inal manwcripCt to lhe attenlion of the senchuy ur the Workshop Sc.rina eo : Dr. Oiov_ I.CtnUI Ulliy... dt... Tor V••&U. OiplJliroemo di InleJMtia Eletlwnil;ll Via dlIUa", w.dfka. 00131 ROfU. Italy Pboae: +39-'-7259-4453 Fax: +39·6-2020.519 e-mlliL Conll.za@Ie.t'.~.or8 The~ Will be ill Ballish and .hould not exGeed 3000 words. It will inchK.lc lUI abstract of Ilpproximlllely 100 warda. It'-aJ .t~ indicau author(.) nune and affiliation(s), po8tltl address, phone ItJ'ld fa~ numnClTS (and. opdonaDy. ,.JIIlIIl) of tbI author to whom all corupondcnce. will be llenl. WORKSHOP, I&cItET4Il14T bduo.........11e Coawnieuioni (llC) VOaa PeniMce • ViDa Pi• .., 161~ o.ov.. Ital)' Pbo.: +39-10-2722383 fax: +39.10.2722183 II'UIlTJDa ~IlMIt.TION Par fuftMt .nan. plaae, COntael Dr. O. R. Con~n at Universitll di Roma Tor Vetgllla (le.chnkal) or Dr. P 1& Be (cw.anization). May 24,1995 Via Facsimile: 39-6-202-0519 Professor Francesco Vatalaro Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita Degli Studi Di Roma (Tor Vergata) Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma Italy Dear Professor Vatalaro: Thank you for sending me the proceedings of your first European Workshop on Mobile/Personal Satcoms, and also for the invitation to chair your Technical Program Committee. I accept your invitation with the understanding that the Committee's work will be done by mail and my role will not be very time consuming, since I am presently overloaded with other commitments. It hopefully also should give me the opportunity to visit Rome in October 1996, which is always a pleasure. Sincerely, Andrew J. Viterbi Chief Technical Officer AJV/dc QUALCO/VVV\. -M.n.y 24, 199 Vin. Facsirn I.le: 39-6-202-0519 Professor Fean.c:esco Vata laro Dipartir.n.en~o Oi I:ngegTleria ElettroTlica Univecsita DcgJi Studi 01 Roma. (Tor Vergata) Via della Ric:erca Scie:nti:fic:a, 00-\ 33 ROrna Italy L>ear Professor Vatalaro: Tharlk you Ec:>r sen ..dlng D""\e 1:he procl.:.~eding.s of your first European '-'V"orkshop 0 n lVlobile/Personal Satccn:n ..s, ..,nd also .ft.-'c th~ i..:nvita:tion. 1:0 chaiz· you.r Tecnrlical Progt<aUl. CO.l"n.rnittec .. I ac.c.~ept ycn:IC in:vit-ati<:n-. ""'it:h ~:he "L1:n.derstan.ding that: the Co:n:t.rn.ittcc's VV'ork "'-'"ill be d01""\e by rnai 1 and D"l.Y (:ole """'ill nc.·tt" "be very tiTTle consuD:\.lng, since I am. presen.tly overloaded vvit:h other co:rn.r:nitr.nen.t:s .. it hope£ully ""' Iso sho"L1l.d give n"l.e the (."JoppoTt:un.ity to "Visit- Ro~e ~ Clctobcr 1996, \Nhich is al""","ays a pleas~e .. ".- Sl~.c7~ ~;:, J. Viterbi Chic f Tech:nicdl O:fficer AJV/dc: I T_R_A_N_S_M_IS_S_I O_N_R_E_P_O_R_T__---I BELOW) DETAILS SEE DOCUMENT WAS CONFIRMED SAMPLE ABOVE THIS (REDUCED SCANNED CONFIRMED ** COUNT ** TOTAL PAGES TOTAL PAGES 1 1 *** SEND *** o. REMOTE STATIO, 1 39 6 2020519 OTE: o. : OPERATIO I NuMBER PD : POLLED BY REMOTE MB : SE D TO MAILBOX START TIME DURATION #PAGES MODE RESULTS 5-26-95 2:55 0'39" 1/ 1 C OMPLETED 9600 TOTAL 0:00'39" J 48 : 4800BPS SELECTED EC : ERROR CORRECT G2 G2 COMMU ICATIO i SF : STORE & FORWARD RI : RELAY I ITIATE RS RELAY STATIO PG : POLL I G A REMOTE MP : MULTI-POLLING RM RECEIVE TO MEMORY TOR VERGArA DIPARTIMENTO DI INGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA UNIVERSITA OEGLI STUOI 01 ROMA ({ TOR VERGATA» Via della Ricerca Scientifica . 00133 ROMA Prof. Francesco Vatalaro Associate Professor of Radio Systems Tel. + Fax: +39-6-7259-4464 Email: Vatalaro@tovvx1.ccd.utovrm.it Roma, May 9,1995 Dr. Andrew 1. Viterbi QUALCOMM Inc. 10555 Sorrento Valley Rd. San Diego, CA 92121-1617 USA Dear Dr. Viterbi, last year we held in Rome, Italy, the first European workshop on MobilelPersonal Satcoms (EMPS '94). This workshop was mainly intended as a forum where to discuss the views of European organizations, industries and universities on the subject of future personal communications via satellite. The initiative was a success, so that it was decided to repeat the workshop regularly. We intend to modify slightly the workshop aims that will be hosted in a European location, but will be open to contributions from everywere. Furthermore, it will be an IEEE workshop. Next edition will be in October 19961 again in Rome. ~--------,- On behalf of the EMPS Technical Program Committee (TPC) it is my great pleasure to invite you to join the committee. We should be sincerely honoured if you may accept to act as the Chairman of the TPC. The TPC is an informal structure having scientific tasks and that meets infrequently. As for the past, also for EMPS'96 work will be done essentially by mail, so that presumably only one meeting will be necessary. Apart from chairing the meeting here in Rome (if this will be compatible with your engagements at that time), we will be glad to receive any suggestion from your side. I sincerely hope in a positive reply. In the meanwhile, please, accept my best regards. Sincerely yours, (Francesco Vatalaro) Attachments: 1) EMPS '94 proceedings 2) EMPS'94 final program. CODICE FISCALE 80213750583 P. I. 02133971008 TEL. + 39 6 72594451 FAX + 39 6 2020519 'J
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Letter, Francesco Vatalaro to Andrew J. Viterbi, May 9, 1995
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University of Southern California. Libraries
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Viterbi: Presentations