Department of Healthcare and Public Health Research, National Rehabilitation Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, Korea
Copyright ©2019, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Elderly with and without activity limitation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
||
Age (y) | 65 – 69 | 1 | 1 |
70 – 74 | 1.292 (0.917–1.819) | 1.050 (0.698–1.580) | |
75 – 79 | 1.505* (1.056–2.146) | 1.255 (0.818–1.927) | |
≥ 80 | 1.617* (1.087–2.405) | 1.282 (0.794–2.067) | |
Gender | Female | 1 | 1 |
Male | 0.675** (0.517–0.882) | 1.305 (0.925–1.842) | |
Education level | ≤ Elementary school | 1 | 1 |
Middle school | 0.710 (0.481–1.047) | 0.802 (0.507–1.270) | |
High school | 0.629* (0.426–0.930) | 0.817 (0.511–1.308) | |
≥ College | 0.437** (0.253–0.753) | 0.841 (0.437–1.622) | |
Type of region of residence | Urban area | 1 | 1 |
Rural area | 2.376*** (1.761–3.204) | 2.903*** (2.042–4.127) | |
Family income (quartile) | Low | 1 | 1 |
Low to middle | 1.146 (0.852–1.541) | 1.815** (1.264–2.607) | |
Middle to high | 0.676 (0.440–1.039) | 1.477 (0.888–2.456) | |
High | 0.537* (0.317–0.908) | 1.536 (0.814–2.887) | |
PHQ-9 | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild depression | 2.806*** (1.979–3.978) | 1.932** (1.282–2.913) | |
Moderate depression | 8.439*** (5.663–12.577) | 5.056*** (3.117–8.201) | |
Severe depression | 6.360** (2.025–19.978) | 4.188* (1.137–15.429) | |
Mobility† | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild | 4.891*** (3.679–6.502) | 1.873** (1.261–2.780) | |
Moderate to severe | 7.824*** (3.507–17.457) | 1.274 (0.443–3.662) | |
Self-care† | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild | .301* (0.097–0.930) | 2.067** (1.320–3.238) | |
Moderate to severe | 1.662 (0.521–5.305) | 0.999 (0.259–3.858) | |
Usual activities† | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild | 5.723*** (4.291–7.631) | 1.910** (1.266–2.882) | |
Moderate to severe | 5.019***(1.985–12.691) | 1.230 (0.381–3.969) | |
Pain/discomfort† | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild | 4.477*** (3.336–6.007) | 2.178*** (1.486–3.191) | |
Moderate to severe | 9.518*** (6.004–15.089) | 2.221* (1.183–4.171) | |
Anxiety/depression† | Normal | 1 | 1 |
Mild | 3.643*** (2.648–5.012) | 0.997 (0.652–1.523) | |
Moderate to severe | 7.559*** (3.308–17.270) | 1.366 (0.494–3.778) |