ISSN : 1229-0688
정당한 세상에 대한 믿음 (Belief in a Just World; BJW)은 세상은 정당하며 사람들은 자신이 노력한 만큼 그 보상을 받는다는 믿음으로 해외에서는 개인의 심리적 건강과 사회적 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 활발하게 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 아직까지 우리나라에서는 BJW를 측정하는 도구를 찾아보기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 미국에서 개발되어 BJW을 측정하는 도구로써 유용성을 인정받은 “정당한 세상에 대한 믿음 척도: 분배공정성과 절차공정성(Procedural and Distributive Just World Belief Scale; PDJWBS)”을 한국어로 번안 및 타당화하였다. 이를 위해 연구표본 1(대학생 266명)과 연구표본 2(성인 231명)를 대상으로 탐색적 및 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 원척도와 동일하게 4개 하위요인 16문항이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수렴타당도, 준거타당도, 문화적 타당도를 확인한 결과, 한국어판 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음 척도(The Korean Version of the Belief in a Just World Scale; K-BJWS)는 한국인에게 사용하기에 타당한 도구로 확인되었다. 4개 하위요인의 신뢰도는 .83∼.90으로 나타났다.
Belief in a just world (BJW), that the world is just and people get what they deserve, has been studied as a cognitive factor and predictor for mental health and social attitudes. As no valid scale measuring BJW exists in Korea, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Procedural and Distributive Just World Belief Scale (PDJWBS), a scale currently utilized in the United States to measure BJW. Two samples, one with 266 college students and another with 231 adults were used. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses resulted in 16 items and 4 factors, identical to the original scale. The tests of convergent validity, concurrent validity, and cross-cultural validity revealed strong evidence for the validity of the Korean version of the Belief in a Just World Scale and the reliabilities of the four factors were .83∼.90.
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