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REVIEW
Minerva Pneumologica 2017 September;56(3):206-16
DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4954.17.01797-7
Copyright © 2017 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
language: English
Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults
Catia CILLÓNIZ 1, Adamanthia LIAPIKOU 2, Adrian CECCATO 1, Antoni TORRES 1 ✉
1 Department of Pneumology, Thorax Clinical Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Institute for Biomedical Investigations (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB) Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Barcelona, Spain; 2 6th Respiratory Department, Sotiria Hospital of Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in adults, with an overall incidence of 1.07 to 1.2 per 100 persons/year, and it especially affects the elderly, with an incidence of 14 per 100 persons/year in adults ≥65 years. CAP has significant long-term effects and that hospitalization for pneumonia is associated with higher long-term mortality. It is worldwide recognized that several risk factors such as underlying medical conditions and a range of lifestyle factors can increase the risk of developing CAP. This review focuses on the main risk factors associated with CAP. Recognizing these risk factors would help us to perform interventions in these specific risk groups with the aim of reducing the rate of CAP.
KEY WORDS: Community-acquired infections - Pneumonia - Risk factors - Comorbidity