Summary of DIOS collaboration study with the background of the future status of Japanese steel industry is described. The feasibility study of the DIOS process indicates that it can be better applied as an alternative to the blast furnace system with capital, operational and environmental benefits. The features of smelting reduction furnace allow to be combined with other direct reduction process in the Duplex-DIOS system to expand the applicability of the technologies. The feature of the Duplex-DIOS, the combination of DIOS-SRF and Rotary Hearth Furnace, is briefly described. Several other emerging smelting technologies, HIsmelt, AusIron, ROMELT, AISI process and CCF or CleanSMelt, are briefly introduced. The comparison of DIOS technology with those processes even emphasizes the strength of the scope of the DIOS development and technology. The present status of COREX process is also described as an example of further development of the original process.