Abstract
The rate of zooplankton ammonium regeneration was measured in Great South Bay, Long Island, New York, between July 1982 and May 1984. Ammonium excretion by macrozooplankton (>200 μm) ranged from 7 μg atoms NH4 1+−N m−3 d−1 in winter to 156 μg-atoms NH4 1+−N m−3 d−1 in spring. Ammonium excretion by ctenophores was greater than or equivalent to that of macrozooplankton during the period of ctenophore biomass maximum in summer and fall. The temperature coefficient (Q10) for NH4 1+ excretion was 1.74 from 2.2 to 27.5°C for macrozooplankton and 1.63 between 17 and 26°C for the ctenophores. Ammonium nitrogen excretion by macrozooplankton and ctenophores combined, accounted for 1 to 3% of phytoplankton nitrogen requirements in summer when primary productivity was high and 39% in the spring. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A01BY040 00005
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Bamstedt, U. 1985. Seasonal excretion rates of macrozooplankton from the Swedish west coast.Limnol. Oceanogr. 30: 607–617.
Bokuniewicz, H. 1980. Groundwater seepage into Great South Bay, New York.Estuarine Coastal Mar. Sci. 10:437–444.
Carpenter, E. J., C. C. Remsen, andS. W. Watson. 1972. Utilization of urea by some marine phytoplankters.Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:265–269.
Corkett, C. J., andI. A. McLaren. 1978. The biology ofPseudocalanus.Adv. Mar. Biol. 15:1–231.
Corner, E. D. S., andB. S. Newell. 1967. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. IV. The form of nitrogen excreted byCalanus.J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 45:425–442.
Corner, E. D. S., C. B. Cowey, andS. M. Marshall. 1965. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. III. Nitrogen excretion byCalanus.J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 45:429–442.
Dietz, C. G. 1982. Ammonia fluxes from estuarine sediments: Great South Bay. MS. Thesis, State Univ. New York at Stony Brook. 128 p.
Hair, M. E., and S. Buckner. 1973. An assessment of the water quality characteristics of Great South Bay and contiguous streams.Reg. Mar. Resc. Council 53 p.
Harris, E. 1959. The nitrogen cycle in Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ. 17:31–65.
Ikeda, T. 1977. The effect of laboratory conditions on the extrapolation of experimental measurements to the ecology of marine zooplankton. IV. Changes in respiration and excretion rates of boreal zooplankton species maintained under fed and starved conditions.Mar. Biol. 41:241–252.
Ikeda, T., andE. Hing Fay. 1981. Meabolic activity of zooplankton from the Antarctic Ocean.Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 32:921–930.
Jawed, M. 1973. Ammonia excretion by zooplankton and its significance to primary productivity during summer.Mar. Biol. 23:115–120.
Kaufman, Z., J. S. Lively, andE. J. Carpenter. 1983. Uptake of nitrogenous nutrients by phytoplankton in a barrier island estuary: Great South Bay, New York.Estuarine Coastal Mar. Sci. 17:483–493.
Kremer, P. 1977. Respiration and excretion by the ctenophoreMneniopsis leidyi.Mar. Biol. 44:43–50.
Lively, J. S., Z. Kaufman, andE. J. Carpenter. 1983. Phytoplankton ecology of a barrier island estuary: Great South Bay, New York.Estuarine Coastal Mar. Sci. 16:51–69.
Martin, J. H. 1968. Phytoplankton-zooplankton relationships in Narragansett Bay. III. Seasonal changes in zooplankton excretion rates in relation to phytoplankton abundance.Limnol. Oceanogr. 13:63–71.
Mayzaud, P. 1976. Respiration and nitrogen excretion by zooplankton and zooplankton. VI. The influence of starvation on the metabolism and biochemical composition of some species.Mar. Biol. 37:47–58.
McCarthy, J. J., andJ. C. Goldman. 1979. Nitrogenous nutrition of marine phytoplankton in nutrient-depleted waters.Science. 203:670–679.
McCarthy, J. J., W. R. Taylor, andJ. L. Taft. 1977. Nitrogenous nutrition of the plankton in the Chesapeake Bay. I Nutrient availability and phytoplankton preferences.Limnol. Oceanogr. 22:996–1011.
Miller, R. J. 1974. Distribution and biomass of an estuarine ctenophore population,Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz).Chesapeake Sci. 15:1–8.
Mullin, M. M., M. J. Perry, E. H. Ranger, andP. M. Evans. 1975. Nutrient regeneration by oceanic zooplankton: A comparison of methods.Mar. Sci. Comm. 1:1–13.
Nicholson, J. A. 1983. Seasonal changes of the nitrogen pools and the potential movement of nitrogen through inlets of the Great South Bay system. MS. Thesis, State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook. 50 p.
Park, Y. C. 1985. Nitrogen regeneration and glutamate dehydrogenase activity of zooplankton in Great South Bay. Ph.D. Dissertation, State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook, 104 p.
Park, Y. C., E. J. Carpenter, andP. G. Falkowski. 1986. Ammonium excretion and glutamate dehydrogenase activity of zooplankton in Great South Bay, New York.J. Plank. Res. 8:489–503.
Ross, R. M. 1982. Energetics ofEupahisa pacifica. I. Effects of body carbon and nitrogen and temperature on measured and predicted production.Mar. Biol. 68:1–13.
Smith, S. L. 1978. The role of zooplankton in the nitrogen dynamics of a shallow estuary.Estuarine Coastal Mar. Sci. 7: 555–565.
Solorzano, L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenol hypochlorite method.Limnol. Oceanogr. 14:799–801.
Vargo, G. A. 1979. The contribution of ammonia excreted by zooplankton to phytoplankton in Narragansett Bay.J. Plank. Res. 4:77–84.
Wong, K. C. 1981. Subtidal volume exchange and the relationship to atmospheric forcing in Great South Bay, New York. Ph.D. Dissertation, State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook. 230 p.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, Y.C., Carpenter, E.J. Ammonium regeneration and biomass of macrozooplankton and ctenophores in Great South Bay, New York. Estuaries 10, 316–320 (1987). https://doi.org/10.2307/1351889
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1351889