نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان
2 مربی پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات علف‌های هرز، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: Herbicide application is one of the most common weed control methods in wheat. There are 26 herbicides registered for weed control in wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Iran, Which are mainly used post-emergence. There are a limited number of herbicides were recorded in this crop in terms of application time. Therefore, it is necessary to register new herbicides with different site of action and time of application in this crop. Prosulfocarb herbicide used pre- or early post-emergence for weed control in wheat. The objective of this research was to study rate and time application of prosulfocarb for weed control and yield of wheat.
Materials and methods: In order to study the efficacy of prosulfocarb (Boxer) on weed control in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), an experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with four replications, during 2019 in Agricultural Research Center of South Kerman. Treatments included application of Topic (clodinafop-propargyl) at 1 L ha-1+ Granstar (tribenuron methyl) at 20 g L ha-1, Atlantis (mesosulfuron+idosulfuron) at 1.5 L ha-1, Othello (mesosulfuron+idosulfuron+diflufenican) at 1.6 L ha-1, Axial (Pinoxaden) at 1.2 L ha-1 + Granstar at 20 g L ha-1, Boxer at 3,4 and 5 L ha-1 pre-emergence before the first irrigation, Boxer at 3,4 and 5 L ha-1 pre-emergence after the first irrigation, Boxer at 3,4 and 5 L ha-1 early post-emergence, Boxer at 5 L ha-1 in the tillering stage.
Results: The highest relative abundance of weed species was Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam, Anagallis arvensis L., Malva parviflor L., Lolium perenne L., Rumex crispus L. at 35, 25. 15, 13, 9% respectively. The results showed that herbicide treatments had significant effect on weed density and biomass. Boxer herbicide showed favorable efficacy in control of species mentioned. The efficacy of Boxer herbicide was more effective in weed control when increased rate application of Boxer herbicide. Also Boxer herbicide application before irrigation was more favorable in weed control of species mentioned. Applications of Boxer herbicide before irrigation at 5 L ha-1 reduced biomass of M. officinalis (100%), A. arvensis (100%), M. parviflor (100%), R. crispus (100%), L. perenne (97%) and total weed (94%). Application of Boxer herbicide caused damage to wheat. Wheat injury rate was more in application of Boxer herbicide before and after irrigation than early post- mergence. However, the injury rate of Boxer herbicide was less than the damage rate of weed competition. Grain and biological yield were 5.3, 13.54 ton ha-1 and increased by 152% and 160% when Boxer herbicide was applied at 3 L ha-1 before irrigation. This treatment was not significantly different with Granstar+ Axial, Granstar+ Topic and Othello herbicides. The lowest biological and grain yield respectively achieved 8.67 and 3.97 ton ha-1, when Boxer herbicide was applied 5 L ha-1 before irrigation. Also, this treatment increased biological and grain yield by 82% and 85%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study showed application Boxer created favorable efficacy in control of Melilotus officinalis, Anagallis arvensis, Malva parviflor, Lolium perenne, Rumex crispus and total weed. Application of Boxer herbicide caused permanent injury to wheat, but application of this herbicide significantly increased biological and grain yield in comparison with control.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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