Progression in Moyamoya Disease: Clinical Features, Neuroimaging
Evaluation, and Treatment

Xin       Zhang; Weiping       Xiao; Qing      Zhang; Ding       Xia; Peng       Gao; Jiabin       Su; Heng       Yang; Xinjie       Gao; Wei       Ni; Yu      Lei; Yuxiang       Gu
Abstract

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis of the arteries of the circle of Willis, with the formation of collateral vascular network at the base of the brain. Its clinical manifestations are complicated. Numerous studies have attempted to clarify the clinical features of MMD, including its epidemiology, genetic characteristics, and pathophysiology. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, various neuroimaging modalities with different advantages have deepened the understanding of MMD in terms of structural, functional, spatial, and temporal dimensions. At present, the main treatment for MMD focuses on neurological protection, cerebral blood flow reconstruction, and neurological rehabilitation, such as pharmacological treatment, surgical revascularization, and cognitive rehabilitation. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding the clinical features, in the neuroimaging evaluation and treatment of MMD.
Keywords: Epidemiology, genetic characteristics, Moyamoya disease, neuroimaging, pathogenesis, progression, treatment.
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Graphical Abstract

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X19666210716114016	Print ISSN 1570-159X
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-6190
Current Neuropharmacology

Progression in Moyamoya Disease: Clinical Features, Neuroimaging Evaluation, and Treatment

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