Abstract
While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells
Volume: 16 Issue: 10
Author(s): Nicolas Sluis-Cremer
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Abstract: While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sluis-Cremer Nicolas, Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Medical Science
Current Clinical Pharmacology Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery to Mitochondria
Current Gene Therapy Why Anticancer Nanomedicine Needs Sugars?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Physiology, Pharmacology and Pathophysiology of the pH Regulatory Transport Proteins NHE1 and NBCn1: Similarities, Differences, and Implications for Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: Neuroinflammation a Common Link in Neurodegenerative Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunotoxins Constructed with Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins and their Enhancers: A Lethal Cocktail with Tumor Specific Efficacy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diagnostic Biomarkers of Epilepsy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Complexities of Glucuronidation Affecting In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation
Current Drug Metabolism Neuroimaging of Consciousness and Sleep Spindles
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Mitochondriotropic Cationic Vesicles A Strategy Towards Mitochondrial Gene Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Dysfunctions of the Diffusional Membrane Pathways Mediated Hemichannels in Inherited and Acquired Human Diseases
Current Vascular Pharmacology Gastrodia Elata Bl Attenuates Cocaine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference and Convulsion, but not Behavioral Sensitization in Mice: Importance of GABAA Receptors
Current Neuropharmacology AMPK As A Target in Rare Diseases
Current Drug Targets Autism Spectrum Disorders: Etiology and Pharmacotherapy
Current Drug Therapy Identification of Novel Anti-inflammatory Agents from Ayurvedic Medicine for Prevention of Chronic Diseases: “Reverse Pharmacology” and “Bedside to Bench” Approach
Current Drug Targets Structure-Activity Relationships for Serotonin Transporter and Dopamine Receptor Selectivity
Medicinal Chemistry Antioxidant Capacity, Phytochemical Analysis and Identification of Active Compounds in Anchomanes difformis
The Natural Products Journal Conventional and Non-Conventional Targets of Natural Products in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Carbonic Anhydrase I and II Inhibition with Natural Products: Abrus precatorius
Current Enzyme Inhibition Investigation of the Roles of New Antiepileptic Drugs and Serum BDNF Levels in Efficacy and Safety Monitoring and Quality of Life: A Clinical Research
Current Clinical Pharmacology