Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme protein released by leukocytes, is one of the most widely studied during the last decades molecule that plays a crucial role in inflammation and oxidative stress in the cellular level. It has become increasingly recognized that MPO performs a very important role as part of the innate immune system through the formation of microbicidal reactive oxidants, whilst it affects the arterial endothelium with a number of mechanisms that include modification of net cellular cholesterol flux and impairment of Nitric Oxide (NO)-induced vascular relaxation. In that way, MPO is implicated into both the formation and propagation of atheromatosis and there is substantial evidence that it also promotes ischemia through destabilization of the vulnerable plaque. Numerous studies have added information on the notion that MPO and its oxidant products are part of the inflammatory cascade initiated by endothelial injury and they are significantly overproduced at the site of arterial inflammation. Subsequent studies achieved quantification of this observation showing significant elevations of the systemic levels of MPO in a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disease scenarios with acute coronary syndromes and heart failure being the most studied. This review highlights key-aspects of MPO’s pathophysiological properties and summarizes the role of MPO as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for a number of cardiovascular pathologies.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, endothelial damage, free radicals, inflammation, inflammatory biomarkers, Myeloperoxidase, MPO-H2O2-halide system, oxidative stress
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Myeloperoxidase: Expressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease
Volume: 13 Issue: 2
Author(s): Nikolaos Anatoliotakis, Spyridon Deftereos, Georgios Bouras, Georgios Giannopoulos, Dimitrios Tsounis, Christos Angelidis, Andreas Kaoukis and Christodoulos Stefanadis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, endothelial damage, free radicals, inflammation, inflammatory biomarkers, Myeloperoxidase, MPO-H2O2-halide system, oxidative stress
Abstract: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme protein released by leukocytes, is one of the most widely studied during the last decades molecule that plays a crucial role in inflammation and oxidative stress in the cellular level. It has become increasingly recognized that MPO performs a very important role as part of the innate immune system through the formation of microbicidal reactive oxidants, whilst it affects the arterial endothelium with a number of mechanisms that include modification of net cellular cholesterol flux and impairment of Nitric Oxide (NO)-induced vascular relaxation. In that way, MPO is implicated into both the formation and propagation of atheromatosis and there is substantial evidence that it also promotes ischemia through destabilization of the vulnerable plaque. Numerous studies have added information on the notion that MPO and its oxidant products are part of the inflammatory cascade initiated by endothelial injury and they are significantly overproduced at the site of arterial inflammation. Subsequent studies achieved quantification of this observation showing significant elevations of the systemic levels of MPO in a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disease scenarios with acute coronary syndromes and heart failure being the most studied. This review highlights key-aspects of MPO’s pathophysiological properties and summarizes the role of MPO as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for a number of cardiovascular pathologies.
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Cite this article as:
Anatoliotakis Nikolaos, Deftereos Spyridon, Bouras Georgios, Giannopoulos Georgios, Tsounis Dimitrios, Angelidis Christos, Kaoukis Andreas and Stefanadis Christodoulos, Myeloperoxidase: Expressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026611313020004
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026611313020004 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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