Abstract
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under pathophysiologic conditions is part of the disease process. These ROS are released from different sources, and in particular from mitochondria. Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for mitochondria- mediated disease processes are unclear, oxidative stress seems to play an important role. ROS are essential to cell function, but adequate levels of antioxidant defenses are required in order to avoid the harmful effects that excessive ROS production can produce. Mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and dysfunction contribute to a number of cell pathologies that manifest themselves through a range of conditions. The antioxidants available until now have not proved to be particularly effective against many of these disorders. It is possible that these antioxidants do not reach the sites of free radical generation, especially when mitochondria are the primary source of ROS. Recent developments in mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have moved closer to providing protection against mitochondrial oxidative damage. The SS (Szeto-Schiller) peptide antioxidants represent a novel approach that employs the targeted delivery of antioxidants to the inner mitochondrial membrane. These SS peptides scavenge hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite and inhibit lipid peroxidation. By reducing mitochondrial ROS, they inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome c release, thus preventing oxidant-induced cell death. Preclinical studies support the use of these peptides for ischemia-reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Although peptides have often been considered to be poor drug candidates, the few that have been studied are promising agents for the treatment of diseases.
Keywords: Antioxidant peptides, mitochondria, oxidative stress
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Peptides
Volume: 16 Issue: 28
Author(s): Milagros Rocha, Antonio Hernandez-Mijares, Katherinne Garcia-Malpartida, Celia Banuls, Lorena Bellod and Victor M. Victor
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antioxidant peptides, mitochondria, oxidative stress
Abstract: Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under pathophysiologic conditions is part of the disease process. These ROS are released from different sources, and in particular from mitochondria. Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for mitochondria- mediated disease processes are unclear, oxidative stress seems to play an important role. ROS are essential to cell function, but adequate levels of antioxidant defenses are required in order to avoid the harmful effects that excessive ROS production can produce. Mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and dysfunction contribute to a number of cell pathologies that manifest themselves through a range of conditions. The antioxidants available until now have not proved to be particularly effective against many of these disorders. It is possible that these antioxidants do not reach the sites of free radical generation, especially when mitochondria are the primary source of ROS. Recent developments in mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have moved closer to providing protection against mitochondrial oxidative damage. The SS (Szeto-Schiller) peptide antioxidants represent a novel approach that employs the targeted delivery of antioxidants to the inner mitochondrial membrane. These SS peptides scavenge hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite and inhibit lipid peroxidation. By reducing mitochondrial ROS, they inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome c release, thus preventing oxidant-induced cell death. Preclinical studies support the use of these peptides for ischemia-reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Although peptides have often been considered to be poor drug candidates, the few that have been studied are promising agents for the treatment of diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rocha Milagros, Hernandez-Mijares Antonio, Garcia-Malpartida Katherinne, Banuls Celia, Bellod Lorena and M. Victor Victor, Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Peptides, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (28) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210793292519
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210793292519 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
?Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Nano-Therapeutics Targeting Tumor Microenvironment?
This thematic issue explores the forefront of cancer treatment, centering on the groundbreaking potential of nano-therapeutics meticulously designed to target the tumor microenvironment. At its core, the issue aims to unravel the latest advancements in nanotechnology, showcasing innovative materials, formulations, and delivery systems that hold promise for redefining cancer therapeutics. ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Potential of Sulphur-containing Amino Acids in the Prevention of Catecholamine-induced Arrhythmias
Current Medicinal Chemistry Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition in Atherosclerosis and Stroke
Current Molecular Medicine Pharmacological Applications of Antioxidants: Lights and Shadows
Current Drug Targets Recent Advances on the Roles of NO in Cancer and Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease: A New Avenue Toward Future Therapeutic Approaches
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation - What Do We Really Know?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Membrane Localization of Estrogen Receptors
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Kinase Inhibitor Conjugates
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Relationship Between Inflammation, Platelet Activation and Antiplatelet Resistance
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) A Role for Endothelin-1 in Peripheral Vascular Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Editorial: Alteration of Redox Equilibrium, Inflammation and Progression of Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Nanotherapeutics in Neuropathologies: Obstacles, Challenges and Recent Advancements in CNS Targeted Drug Delivery Systems
Current Neuropharmacology Fetal Origins of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews CypD: The Key to the Death Door
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Ligands Selective for the Melanocortin-3 Receptor
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Implications of Epigenetic Mechanisms and their Targets in Cerebral Ischemia Models
Current Neuropharmacology Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress: A Proteomic Prospective Study
Current Pharmaceutical Design Consequences of Iron Accumulation in Microglia and its Implications in Neuropathological Conditions
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Coumarins as Antioxidants
Current Medicinal Chemistry Physiological Effect and Therapeutic Application of Alpha Lipoic Acid
Current Medicinal Chemistry