Abstract
Numerous types of nanoparticles are being designed for systemic and targeted drug delivery. However, keeping nanoparticles in blood for sufficiently long times so as to allow them to reach their therapeutic target is a major challenge. Upon administration into blood, nanoparticles are quickly opsonized and cleared by the macrophages, thereby limiting their circulation times. Surface-modification of nanoparticles by PEG was developed as the first strategy to prolong nanoparticle circulation. While PEGylation has helped prolong particle circulation, it has several limitations including transient nature of the effect and compromised particle-target interactions. Accordingly, several other approaches have been developed to prolong nanoparticle circulation in blood. These include modification with CD47, modulation of mechanical properties, engineering particle morphology and hitchhiking on red blood cells. In this review, we discuss the factors that affect nanoparticle circulation time and discuss recent progress in development of strategies to prolong circulation time.
Keywords: Nanotechnology, targeting, long-circulation, macrophage, half-life, nanomedicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects
Volume: 16 Issue: 21
Author(s): Jin-Wook Yoo, Elizabeth Chambers and Samir Mitragotri
Affiliation:
Keywords: Nanotechnology, targeting, long-circulation, macrophage, half-life, nanomedicine
Abstract: Numerous types of nanoparticles are being designed for systemic and targeted drug delivery. However, keeping nanoparticles in blood for sufficiently long times so as to allow them to reach their therapeutic target is a major challenge. Upon administration into blood, nanoparticles are quickly opsonized and cleared by the macrophages, thereby limiting their circulation times. Surface-modification of nanoparticles by PEG was developed as the first strategy to prolong nanoparticle circulation. While PEGylation has helped prolong particle circulation, it has several limitations including transient nature of the effect and compromised particle-target interactions. Accordingly, several other approaches have been developed to prolong nanoparticle circulation in blood. These include modification with CD47, modulation of mechanical properties, engineering particle morphology and hitchhiking on red blood cells. In this review, we discuss the factors that affect nanoparticle circulation time and discuss recent progress in development of strategies to prolong circulation time.
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Cite this article as:
Yoo Jin-Wook, Chambers Elizabeth and Mitragotri Samir, Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (21) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210791920496
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210791920496 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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