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Serotonin Metabolism and Age-Related Effects of Antihypertensive Therapy with Ketanserin

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Summary

Concentrations of serotonin and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), in platelet rich plasma, the urinary 5-HIAA excretion rate, and serotonin-induced platelet aggregation were measured in 17 patients with essential hypertension before, and at the end of 8 weeks of oral ketanserin therapy at 20 to 40mg twice daily. Ketanserin lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.01) and led to a reduction of serotonin concentration in platelet rich plasma in all patients (p = 0.05), as well as a decrease in 5-HIAA excretion rates in patients older than 55 years (p < 0.05). Changes in 5-HIAA concentration in platelet rich plasma correlated with the fall in diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.67, p < 0.05). Serotonin-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited by ketanserin (p < 0.05), and this was more pronounced in older patients. Thus, antihypertensive therapy with ketanserin reduced platelet aggregation and serotonin metabolism in relation to the age of patients, and this may contribute to the reduction of their elevated rates of thromboembolic complications.

Résumé

Les concentrations de sérotonine et de son métabolite, l’acide 5-hydroxyindole acétique (5-HIAA), dans du plasma riche en plaquettes, le taux d’excrétion urinaire du 5-HIAA et l’agrégation plaquettaire induite par la sérotonine ont été mesurés avant et à la fin d’un traitement oral de 8 semaines par la kétansérine chez 17 patients souffrant d’hypertension artérielle essentielle et recevant 20 à 40 mg du produit deux fois par jour. La kétansérine a abaissé la pression artérielle, tant systolique que diastolique (p < 0,01) et a entraîné une diminution de la concentration de sérotonine dans le plasma riche en plaquettes de tous les patients (p = 0,05). Elle a également réduit le taux d’excrétion urinaire du 5-HIAA chez les patients âgés de plus de 55 ans (p < 0,05). Les modifications de la concentration de 5-HIAA dans le plasma riche en plaquettes ont été corrélées à la chute de la pression artérielle diastolique (r = 0,67, p < 0,05). La kétansérine a inhibé l’agrégation plaquettaire induite par la sérotonine (p < 0,05), cette action étant plus prononcée chez les patients âgés. Le traitement anti-hypertenseur par la kétansérine a donc diminué l’agrégation plaquettaire et le métabolisme de la sérotonine de façon proportionnelle à l’ âge des patients; ce phénomène a peut-être contribué à la réduction du nombre élevé de complications thrombo-emboliques observée dans ce groupe de malades.

Zusammenfassung

Bei 17 Patienten mit essentieller Hypertonie wurden vor und nach 8wöchiger oraler Ketanserintherapie mit zweimal täglich 20 bis 40 mg die Konzentrationen von Serotonin und seinem Metaboliten 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIES) in plättchenreichem Plasma, die 5-HIES-Ausscheidungsrate im Urin und die serotonininduzierte Thrombozytenaggregation bestimmt. Ketanserin senkte den systolischen und diastolischen Blutdruck (P < 0,01) und führte bei allen Patienten zu einer Reduktion der Serotoninkonzentration im plättchenreichen Plasma (P = 0,05) und bei über 55jährigen Patienten darüber hinaus zu einer Minderung der 5-HIES-Ausscheidungsrate (P < 0,05). Die Veränderungen der 5-HIES-Konzentrationen im plättchenreichen Plasma korrelierten mit der Abnahme des diastolischen Blutdrucks (r = 0,67, P < 0,05). Die serotonininduzierte Thrombozytenaggregation wurde durch Ketanserin gehemmt (P < 0,05), und diese Hemmung war bei älteren Patienten deutlicher ausgeprägt. Die antihypertonische Therapie mit Ketanserin reduzierte also die Thrombozytenaggregation und den Serotoninmetabolismus in Relation zum Alter der Patienten, was möglicherweise zur Reduktion der erhöhten Rate thromboembolischer Komplikationen beiträgt.

Resumen

En 17 pacientes afectos de hipertensión arterial esencial se determinaron las concentraciones de serotonina, y su metabolito, el á cido 5-hidroxiindolacético (5-HIAA), en plasma enriquecido en plaquetas, la tasa de excreción urinaria de 5-HIAA, y la agregación plaquetaria inducida por serotonina, en situación basai y después del tratamiento con ketanserina por via oral a dosis de 20–40 mg dos veces al dia durante 8 semanas. La ketanserina redujo la tensión arterial, tanto diastólica como sistólica (p < 0,01), y en todos los casos indujo una disminución de la concentración de serotonina en plasma enriquecido en plaquetas (p = 0,05). Asimismo, se observó una reducción de las tasas de excreción urinaria de 5-HIAA en pacientes mayores de 55 años (p < 0,05). Los cambios en los niveles de 5-HIAA en plasma enriquecido en plaquetas se correlacionaron con la disminución de la tension arterial diastólica (r = 0,67, p < 0,05). La agregación plaquetaria inducida por serotonina se inhibió con ketanserina (p < 0,05), siendo dicha inhibición más pronunciada en los pacientes de mayor edad. Por tanto, el tratamiento antihipertensivo realizado con ketanserina reduce la agregación plaquetaria y el metabolismo de la serotonina, y dicho efecto está en relación con la edad del paciente. Ello puede contribuir a una disminución de la elevada incidencia de complicaciones tromboembólicas en estos pacientes.

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Amstein, R., Fetkovska, N., Ferracin, F. et al. Serotonin Metabolism and Age-Related Effects of Antihypertensive Therapy with Ketanserin. Drugs 36 (Suppl 1), 61–66 (1988). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198800361-00010

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